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HSS1100 Microbiology and Immunology > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a distinctive feature of mycobacteria’s cell walls that affects their staining properties?

A. Low lipid content
B. Presence of peptidoglycan
C. High lipid content
D. Lack of a cell wall

A

C. High lipid content

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2
Q

Which disease is caused by Mycobacterium leprae?

A. Tuberculosis
B. Leprosy
C. Diphtheria
D. Typhoid

A

B. Leprosy

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3
Q

What is the main mode of transmission for Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

A. Contaminated food
B. Insect bites
C. Aerosol droplets
D. Direct skin contact

A

C. Aerosol droplets

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4
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is the tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test) an example of?

A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV

A

D. Type IV

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4
Q

Which organism is known to cause syphilis?

A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B. Treponema pallidum
C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D. Helicobacter pylori

A

B. Treponema pallidum

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5
Q

What is the key virulence factor for the pathogenicity of Treponema pallidum?

A. Capsule
B. Endotoxin
C. Flagellum
D. Spirochete structure

A

D. Spirochete structure

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6
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is classified as which type of organism based on its oxygen requirements?

A. Obligate aerobe
B. Obligate anaerobe
C. Facultative anaerobe
D. Microaerophile

A

A. Obligate aerobe

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7
Q

What is the most common clinical presentation of primary tuberculosis?

A. Pneumonia
B. Asymptomatic infection
C. Severe cough with blood
D. High fever and night sweats

A

B. Asymptomatic infection

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7
Q

Which staining technique is used to identify acid-fast bacilli like mycobacteria?

A. Gram stain
B. Ziehl-Neelsen stain
C. India ink stain
D. PAS stain

A

B. Ziehl-Neelsen stain

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8
Q

Atypical mycobacteria are most likely to cause disease in which group of individuals?

A. Healthy adults
B. Immunocompromised individuals
C. Newborns
D. Elderly individuals without other health issues

A

B. Immunocompromised individuals

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9
Q

Which test is used to diagnose latent tuberculosis infection?

A. PCR test
B. Mantoux test
C. Sputum culture
D. Chest X-ray

A

B. Mantoux test

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10
Q

Which part of the body is primarily affected by lepromatous leprosy?

A. Lungs
B. Skin and nerves
C. Gastrointestinal tract
D. Liver

A

B. Skin and nerves

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10
Q

Spirochetes like Treponema pallidum are best described as:

A. Gram-positive cocci
B. Gram-negative rods
C. Spiral-shaped bacteria
D. Obligate anaerobes

A

C. Spiral-shaped bacteria

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11
Q

Which test is used to confirm syphilis in a patient suspected based on symptoms?

A. Rapid plasma reagin (RPR)
B. White blood cell count
C. Chest X-ray
D. Stool culture

A

A. Rapid plasma reagin (RPR)

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12
Q

Treatment for leprosy involves:

A. Antiviral medications
B. Antifungal medications
C. Antibiotics
D. Antiparasitic medications

A

C. Antibiotics

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13
Q

What is a common complication associated with lepromatous leprosy?

A. Severe diarrhea
B. Frequent upper respiratory infections
C. Neurological damage
D. Cardiovascular disease

A

C. Neurological damage

14
Q

Which condition can be confused with tuberculosis due to similar symptoms?

A. Asthma
B. Pneumonia
C. Bronchitis
D. Allergic rhinitis

A

B. Pneumonia

15
Q

Spirochetes are unique in being:

A. Resistant to all antibiotics
B. Visible under regular light microscopy without staining
C. Capable of surviving outside a host for long periods
D. Difficult to culture in vitro

A

D. Difficult to culture in vitro

16
Q

What indicates a positive result on a tuberculin skin test?

A. A red bump at the injection site
B. Fever and night sweats within 48 hours
C. A clear fluid blister at the injection site
D. Induration (hardened area) of 10 mm or more

A

D. Induration (hardened area) of 10 mm or more

16
Q

The decline in the number of tuberculosis cases in the US is attributed to:

A. Natural immunity in the population
B. Improved public health and medical treatments
C. The discontinuation of the BCG vaccine
D. Changes in the pathogenicity of the bacteria

A

B. Improved public health and medical treatments

HSS1100 Microbiology and Immunology (13 decks)

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