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PSYC 302 > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

when was the statement from 2 major professional societies about opioids and what was it about

A

1996
opioids should have a role in the treatment of chronic non cancer pain

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2
Q

what was one of the reasons why opioids sales quadrupled between 1990and2010

A

-opioid marketing was aggressive
-specific opioids were marketed as less addictive

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3
Q

which company was awarded a fine and why

A

-purdue
-misleading the public and prescribing physotians
-claimed that oxycontin was less addictive than other opioids

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4
Q

what is the % that opioids work more than placebo

A

6%

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5
Q

true or false rtcs were usually during less than 3months

A

true

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6
Q

problems with opioids

A

-more er visits
-more deaths
-physical dependence
-opioid misuse
-opioid addiction

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7
Q

what is the % of opiod related deaths in people

A

75% occured between men

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8
Q

true or false: 50% opioid related deaths involved another substance

A

false it is 45%

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9
Q

what is the main age category od opiod related deaths

A

90% occured among young and middle aged adults

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10
Q

what is the main component of opioid related deaths: pharmateutical, both, non-pharmaceutical only or underdetermined

A

non pharmaceutical only aka illegaly bought

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11
Q

what does opioid abuse mean

A

-opioids not prescribed to the user by a physician
-obtained from friends
-nonmedical
-to get high

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12
Q

what does opioid misuse mean

A
  • opioids prescribed by a physician
    -prescribed for a medical reason
    -they were prescribed for smth but used to get high
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13
Q

past year nonmedical use of prescription opioids among adults

A

3-5%

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14
Q

past year nonmedical use of prescription opioids among ado

A

5-10%

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15
Q

why do ados use more prescription opioids

A

because they view prescription drugs aka opioids as safer than illegal drugs

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16
Q

what are the main sources of prescription opioids for ados

A

-peers
-leftover medications

17
Q

what are the 2 prescription opioid misuse

A

-unsanctioned dose escalations
to improve sleep/mood
to experience the euphoric effects
-concurrent use of unsanctioned substances
alcohol/illicit drugs
prescription drugs

18
Q

prevalence of opioid misuse in primary and tertiary care settings

A

20-30%

19
Q

how do we know there is opioid misuse

A

-self reports
-clinical interviews
-medical records
-urine tox screens

20
Q

what is opioid dependence

A

characterized by somatic aka physical withdrawal symptoms following cessation of opioids or decreases in opioid blood levels

21
Q

true or false: opioid dependance is a normal/expected response resulting from prolonged opioid use

A

true

22
Q

individuals who have devloped opioid dependance necessariy have an opioid addiction problem

A

they do not

23
Q

how do we diagnose opioid addiction

A

-semi structered clinical interview
-dsm criteria

24
Q

prevalence of opioid use disorder in patients with chronic pain

A

10%

25
Q

what are the main categories for risk factors for opioid misuse and addiction

A

-demographic/backround variables
-clinical/treatment variables
-psychological/psychiatric variables

26
Q

what are the specifics of risk factors of opioid misuse and addiction; demographic/backround varibles

A

-sex
-age
-family histiry
-personnal history

27
Q

what are the specifics of risk factors of opioid misuse and addiction; clinical/treatment variables

A

-opioid doses
-pain intensity

28
Q

what are the specifics of risk factors of opioid misuse and addiction; psychological/psychiatric variables

A

-anxiety
-depressive
-psychiatric disorders
-craving

29
Q

what is craving

A

-refers to the subjective desire to consume substances
-long history in the broader substance use/addiction literature
-extensive basic & clinical research on craving

30
Q

key recommendation domains for opioid prescription

A

-patient selection aka avoid high risk people
-opioid dosing: prescription of <90 mg
-opioid dose reduction: if it is higher then try to taper off

31
Q

what are the 2 roles of therapists in the management of patients with pain using opioids

A

-traditional roles aka coping skills, adjustment to pain
-new/emerging role: prevent/reduce risks of opioid use problems

32
Q

interventions to preven/reduce opioid problems

A

-monitoring aka monitoring pain outcomes/misuse behavior
-psychological interventions aka CBT and acceptance&mindfulness based interventions

33
Q

CBT

A

-education on opioid misuse and substance use problems
-enhancing and maintaining motivation to be compliant
-cignitive restructuring/help patients identify high risk situations
-help patients cope with craving and urges to misuse opioids

34
Q

interventions based on acceptance&commitment therapy

A

-focus is not on changing negative cognitions or emotions
-patients encouraged to accept unpleasant states
-redefine personally meaningful values

PSYC 302 (10 decks)

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