Lecture 5.5 Gas transport Flashcards
Describe the Haldane shift
The oxygenation of hemoglobin causes a reduced affinity of the amine chain for CO2
What is this graph showing?
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve showing the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen in blood and the percentage of the hemoglobin binding sites that are occupied by oxygen molecules
What are things that cause a right shift in the graph pictured? (darker red)
Increased temperature
Increased PCO2
Increased 2-3DPG
End point of metabolism
Decreased pH
Muscle is acidic and warm
Associated with anemia; unloading of oxygen
What causes a leftward shift in the pictured graph?
Decreased temperature
Decreased PCO2
Increased 2,3-DPG
Decreased pH
Associated with polycythemia and methemoglobinemia
Describe an oxygen-dissociation curve that is shifted left
P50 decreases
Affinity for hemoglobin INCREASES
Uptake of O2 in cells
Describe an oxygen dissociation curve that is shift to the right
P50 increases
Affinity for hemoglobin DECREASES
Release of O2 in tissues
Why are the values for RQ different based on the fuel that is being used?
Because of the metabolism or breakdown of the different components
Fat breakdown utilizes more oxygen than CO2 is returned
Carb breakdown has equal distribution of both, etc
What is the effect of the hypoxia inducible factor?
Translocates to the nucleus of the cell and starts to activate the genes that are required in order to make erythrocytes and erythropoiesis
How is ATP helpful to the RBC?
makes the membrane more flexible which is helpful in the capillaries so that the RBC is able to fold up and make it through smaller places
Describe the degredation of the heme
The old heme is sent to the red pulp of the spleen where they rupture
The monocyte macrophades ingest the released Hb
Hb is broke mdown to amina acids then to heme
The heme can stay in the liver as IRON or be changed into transferrin and travel through the blood
Which of the following polycythemia is being described
Genetic
Extra RBCs
Increased blood volume
Increased viscosity
Normal cardiac output
Primary polycythemia
Which of the following polycythemia is being described
hypoxia
Extra RBCs
CO may be abnormal
Secondary polycythemia
Describe the physiological polycythemia
High altitude adaption
Extra RBCs
Normal CO
