LECTURE 5.1: ARISTOTLE

Question 1

He is a Naturalist and Teleologist.

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

It means ‘purpose’ or ‘goal’

Answer 2

Telos

Question 3

It means ‘having purpose within’

Answer 3

Entelecheia

Question 4

What is/are the doctrine of potentiality/ies of plants?

Answer 4

Nutritive

Question 5

What is/are the doctrine of potentiality/ies of animals?

Answer 5

Nutritive and Sentient

Question 6

What is/are the doctrine of potentiality/ies of man?

Answer 6

Nutritive, Sentient, and Rational

Question 7

Other word for happiness

Answer 7

Eudaemonia

Question 8

“The ______ _____ is happiness.”

Answer 8

Supreme Good

Question 9

What are the characteristics of happiness?

Answer 9

Self-sufficient and Final

Question 10

Two kinds of Virtue

Answer 10

Intellectual Virtue and Moral Virtue

Question 11

It means it renders life desirable and lacking in nothing.

Answer 11

Self-sufficient

Question 12

It means “an end in itself.”

Answer 12

Final

Question 13

This virtue is an exercise in your rational principles from which rational behavior can proceed.

Answer 13

Intellectual Virtue

Question 14

This virtue is an exercise of the mean for feelings.

Answer 14

Moral Virtue

Question 15

This is the midpoint between two vices.

Answer 15

The Golden Mean

Question 16

“Virtue is a settled ________ of the mind as regards the choice of actions and emotion consisting in the ________ of the mean relative to us, this being determined by ________.”

Answer 16

disposition ; observance ; principle

Question 17

This is the requirement for the attainment of virtue.

Answer 17

It requires a complete lifetime.

Question 18

How do you exercise the mean for feelings and actions?

Answer 18

To feel the feelings at the right time, on the right occasion, towards the right people, for the right purpose, and in the right manner.

Question 19

“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a ______.”

Answer 19

Habit

Question 20

What are the four causes?

Answer 20

1. Material cause
2. Formal cause
3. Final cause
4. Efficient cause

Question 21

The stuff out of which something is made, e.g. clay as the material for the sculpture

Answer 21

Material Cause

Question 22

The defining characteristics of the thing

Answer 22

Formal Cause

Question 23

The purpose of the thing.

Answer 23

Final Cause

Question 24

The antecedent condition that brought the thing about.

Answer 24

Efficient Cause

Question 25

A primary cause (or first uncaused cause) or “mover” of all the motion in the universe.

Answer 25

Primary Mover/Unmoved Mover

Question 26

Who created the “The 5 Proofs for the Existence of God”?

Answer 26

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 27

What are the 5 proofs for the existence of God?

Answer 27

1. Argument from Motion
2. Argument from Efficient Causes
3. Argument from Possibility and Necessity (Reductio argument) or contingency argument
4. Argument from Gradation of Being
5. Argument from Design

Question 28

Which argument concludes that “it is necessary to arrive at a first mover, put in motion by no other; and this everyone understands to be God.”?

Answer 28

Argument from Motion

Question 29

Which argument concludes that “it is necessary to admit a first efficient cause, to which everyone gives the name of God.”?

Answer 29

Argument from Efficient Causes

Question 30

Which argument concludes that “some being exists of its own necessity, and does not receive its existence from another being, but rather causes them. This all men speak of as God.”?

Answer 30

Argument from Possibility and Necessity (Reductio argument) or contingency argument

Question 31

Which argument concludes that “there must also be something which is to all beings the cause of their being, with goodness, and every other perfection (e.g. the greatest good is God).”?

Answer 31

Argument from Gradation of Being

Question 32

Which argument concludes that “some intelligent being exists by whom all other natural things are directed to their end; and this being we call God.”?

Answer 32

Argument from Design