LECTURE 4: PLATO Flashcards
Known as the “Wise Ones” because they claimed that they could teach wisdom as a “techne” or skill; the first professional teachers who had mastered the art of rhetoric
Sophists
This sophist quoted, “Virtue is not one but many; virtue depends on one’s status in life.”
Gorgias
This sophist quoted, “Man is the measure of all things.”
Protagoras
This sophist quoted, “Justice or righteousness is in accordance with the interest of the stronger party.”
Thrasymachus
The process of taking on and embracing the hypothesis/argument of your opponent as if you agree with it but later show its inherent contradiction, which will make the argument look absurd.
Dialectics
Timeline of Socrates
470 - 399 BC
Timeline of Plato
428 - 348 BC
True or False: Socrates never wrote anything in his lifetime.
True
True or False: What we know about Socrates mainly came from Aristotle’s accounts particularly in the early dialogues, where Socrates was the main character, as well as the middle dialogues.
False. It was Plato, not Aristotle.
Socrates was punished with the death sentence via drinking poison from a plant called ______.
Hemlock
He was an absolutist and idealist.
Plato
”.. so the entire soul must be turned away from the changing world until its _____ can bear to contemplate reality and that supreme splendor called the ______.”
eye ; good
“One thing only I know, and that is that I know ______.”
Nothing
Recognizing one’s ignorance and limitations before achieving knowledge.
Aporia
Noetic insight and _________ ——-> True knowledge using the ‘______ of the mind’
enlightenment ; eye
Also known as KNOXA
Knowledge
Grasping of complete or perfect knowledge of the forms and ideas, the direct apprehension of the transcendent objects of knowledge in the other world or dimension.
Noesis
Relies on some assumptions, hypotheses, and imagery from the physical or sensible world.
Dianoia
Also known as DOXA
Opinion
Appearances or reality as it appears to be
Opinion
Our commonsensical view or practical knowledge about the world.
Belief or conviction
Other word for belief
Pistis
Other word for illusion
Eikasia
Second-hand information that we accept without further investigation or search for any evidence
Illusion or imagination
“Until _______ are ______, then will this, our state, have a possibility of life as behold the light of day.”
philosophers ; kings
What is the goal of Plato’s philosophy?
The Pursuit of the Good Life
What kind of justice is this?
The rational part will be ruling over the irrational part
Justice in the soul
What kind of justice is this? Harmony ; where you are not trying to be what your nature is not
Justice in the state
Myth of the Three Metals
- Gold (ruler/philosopher king)
- Silver (warrior class/guardians of the state)
- Bronze (slaves)
What are the Three Waves (The Republic)?
- Abolition of the family
- Prohibition of ownership of property among guardians
- Equality between men and women (among the guardians)
