Lecture 5: Surface of Microbial Cells

Question 1

what is the S layer?

Answer 1

outer layer of the cell envelope

Question 2

what is the S layer composed of?

Answer 2

permeable lattice made of proteins

Question 3

Bacteria vs Archaea cell wall

Answer 3

Bacteria- made of sugar
Archaea- made of proteins

Question 4

what is the S layer function in Bacteria vs Archaea

Answer 4

Bacteria- protection & adhesion
Archaea- protect against osmotic lysis & cell shape

Question 5

where is the S layer found in gram negative bacteria?

Answer 5

on top of outer membrane

Question 6

does gram negative bacteria have a S layer?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

what is the function of the capsule & slime layer

Answer 7

protection

Question 8

what is the difference between the capsule & slime layer?

Answer 8

Capsule- strongly attached
Slime layer- loosely attached

Question 9

what is the function of conjugative pilus?

Answer 9

allows communication between bacteria through horizontal gene transfer

Question 10

what group is hami unique to?

Answer 10

SM1

Question 11

what is the function of hami?

Answer 11

attachment & biofilm formation

Question 12

petrichious flagella

Answer 12

flagella all around the cell

Question 13

polar flagella

Answer 13

1 flagella at 1 end

Question 14

Lophotrichous

Answer 14

multiple flagella from 1 end

Question 15

amphitrichous

Answer 15

1 flagella at each pole

Question 16

how does pertrichious flagella move?

Answer 16

tumbles

Question 17

how does polar flagella move?

Answer 17

moves unidirectional & in straight line

Question 18

how do flagella assemble?

Answer 18

from the tip

Question 19

what type of secretion are flagella?

Answer 19

type 3

Question 20

what type of secretion are archaella?

Answer 20

type 4

Question 21

how do archaella assemble?

Answer 21

from the base

Question 22

difference in energy movement flagella vs archaella?

Answer 22

flagella- PMF
Archaella- ATP

Question 23

is flagella or archaella faster?

Answer 23

flagella

Question 24

what domain twitches & glides to move?

Answer 24

bacteria

Question 25

main difference between twitching & gliding?

Answer 25

twitching- uses ATP
gliding- uses PMF

Question 26

if taxis move towards a stimuli, what does that mean?

Answer 26

it is positive

Question 27

what is chemotaxis?

Answer 27

surface proteins that send input to flagella

Question 28

when there is no attractant present, what does that mean for the movement?

Answer 28

it moves randomly

Question 29

what is the source of energy for the flexible whip?

Answer 29

ATP