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BMSC 210 > Lecture 18: Microbial Growth > Flashcards

Lecture 18: Microbial Growth Flashcards

1
Q

defined medium

A

know exactly what went in

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2
Q

complexed medium

A

composition unknown

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3
Q

minimal medium

A

meets minimum requirements

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4
Q

selective medium

A

favours growth of desirables & restricts growth of undesirables

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5
Q

differential medium

A

distinguished between types

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6
Q

why is agar used in the lab?

A

remains firm below 65 degrees and is hard for microbes to digest

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7
Q

batch

A

liquid culture in a vessel

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8
Q

are batch open or closed systems

A

closed

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9
Q

what is 1 negative of batch?

A

limited growth

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10
Q

lag phase

A

bacteria is adapting to new environment

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11
Q

exponential phase

A

when most active growth occurs

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12
Q

stationary phase

A

when no active growth & balancing cell death & division

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13
Q

declining phase

A

bacteria runs out of resources to survive

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14
Q

chemostat

A

continuous system where bacteria is fed with fresh medium

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15
Q

is chemostat open or closed system

A

open

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16
Q

what controls growth rate in chemostats?

A

dilution rate

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17
Q

what does chemostat control?

A

growth rate & yield

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18
Q

what is goal of chemostat

A

to keep bacteria in their exponential phase

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19
Q

biofilms

A

attached communities

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20
Q

T of F: biofilms can be closed or open systems

A

true

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21
Q

how are growth curves established?

A

measures growth & population

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22
Q

example of direct count method for bacteria

A

microscope

23
Q

2 examples of viable count method for bacteria

A

spread-plate & pour-plate

24
Q

what must be done during spread/pour plate methods in order to be able to count the bacteria?

A

dilution

25
Q

what is turbidimetric?

A

optical density to count bacteria

26
Q

how does optical density work for counting bacteria?

A

uses light pass to through & measure density of bacteria blocking the light

27
Q

what kind of count does optical density give?

A

total count of population

28
Q

what does colony forming unit (CFU) tell us?

A

viable count

29
Q

what 2 things double during cell growth?

A

cell mass & cell number

30
Q

what type of graph is growth plotted on?

A

semi-log scale

31
Q

generation time

A

amount of time it takes to double population

32
Q

specific growth rate

A

rate at a specific time

33
Q

psychorophile temp requirement

A

below 0 - 10

34
Q

mesophile temp requirement

A

10 - 50

35
Q

psychotolerant temp requirement

A

0-42

36
Q

thermotolerant temp requirement

A

10-55

37
Q

thermophile

A

40-70

38
Q

hyperthermophile temp requirement

A

90-115

39
Q

neutrophile pH range

A

5.5 - 8

40
Q

acidophile pH range

A

0- 5.5

41
Q

Alkaliphile pH range

A

8- 14

42
Q

halotolerant NaCl % range

A

0-11 %

43
Q

nonhalotolerant NaCl % range

A

1-2 %

44
Q

halophile NaCl % range

A

0-12%

45
Q

extreme halophile NaCl % range

A

10 % +

46
Q

what does Thioglycolate do?

A

reduces O2 concentration

47
Q

obligate aerobe vs obligate anaerobe

A

aerobe- grows @ top
anaerobe- grows @ bottom

48
Q

facultative anaerobe/aerobe

A

grows best at top but can also grow at bottom

49
Q

microaerophillic

A

grows in between levels

50
Q

aerotolerant anaerobe

A

grows everywhere

51
Q

oxic vs anoxic zone

A

oxic- top
anoxic- bottom

52
Q

candle jar method

A

chemical reaction inside a jar to remove O2

53
Q

what type of viruses can cause plaque formation?

A

lytic

54
Q

what do viruses need in order to be grown?

A

living host cells

BMSC 210 (16 decks)

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