Lecture 4: Envelope of Microbial Cells Flashcards
What is the cytoplasmic membrane composed of?
Phospholipid bilayer & ester linkage between head & tail
where is the hydrophobic portion found on a tail?
inside
where is the hydrophillic portion found on a head?
outside
What linkage do bacteria vs archaea have?
bacteria have ester linkage
archaea have ether linkage
what type of linkage has branched tails?
Ether
Bacteria vs Archaea cytoplasmic membrane
Bacteria- bilayer
Archaea-monolayer
Is the cytoplasmic membrane semi-permeable or permeable?
semi-permeable
what type of transport is effective at low concentration?
active
what type of transport if in-effective at low concentration?
simple
what type of diffusion does bacteria not use?
passive
what type of transport follows the michaelis menten equation? & why?
Active transport because it gets saturated
what does the PMF (protonmotive force) do?
moves stuff across membranes
what type of transporter is high at low concentrations?
high affinity transporter
what type of energy form is used during glucose active transport?
PEP
what is bacteria cell walls made of?
peptidoglycan
what does teichoic acid do?
makes the cell surface a negative charge
what is peptidoglycan composed of in Bacteria?
NAG & NAM linked through B(1-4) linkage
what is pseudomurein made of in archaea?
NAG & NAT linked through B(1-3) linkage
what domain is insensitive to lyzosomes?
Archaea
what are fungi cell walls composed of?
chitin
does gram pos or neg have an outer membrane?
gram negative only
what type of bacteria has LPS?
gram negative
what is another name for LPS?
endotoxin
what is endotoxin made of?
lipid A
Pyrogen
Septic shock
what is the toxic portion of LPS?
Lipid A
what are 2 methods to cross the outer membrane?
Classical porins & Substrate-specific porins
what type of acids do acid fast bacteria have?
mycolic acids
what type of bacteria does not have an S layer?
acid fast
what bacteria has the braun lipoprotein
gram negative
what linkage does eukarya have?
ester
