Lecture 5 Malvids Flashcards
Which of the following is true about indeterminate inflorescences?
a) blooming order is from top to bottom in the inflorescence
b) the inflorescence always has the same number of flowers
c) the apical meristem remains functional after producing the first flower and continues to produce more flowers at the tip of the inflorescence
c)
What are common types of indeterminate inflorescences?
Spike (sessile flowers)
Raceme (with pedicels)
Panicle (2nd order of higher branching)
What is an indeterminate inflorescence?
the youngest flowers are at the top of an elongated axis or on the centre of a truncated axis
What are stem/leaf characteristics of Onograceae (evening primrose) family?
Herbaceous or woody (in Quebec, only herbaceous)
Simple leaves which can be opposite, alternate, or whorled
What are the flower characteristics of the Onograceae family (evening primrose)?
- Flower regular
- Multiple petals (usually 4)
- Inferior ovary with long, epigynous hypanthium
- Ovary made up of 4 fused carpels with axile placentation and many ovules
What are inflorescence type in Onograceae family?
Axillary or in spikes, racemes or panicles
Indeterminate inflorescence
What type of fruit in Onograceae family?
Fruit usually a capsule
Does not open at maturity, but rather adheres to the fur of animals
Are Onograceae plants commercially important?
No (although Chamerion angustifolium has some medicinal properties)
Some species are used as ornamentals
Where are Onograceae plants found?
Widely distributed globally
Local species in Quebec found in various habitats
Most diversity in the family is in Western North America and South America
Where are Lytheraceae (Pomogranate or loosestrife family) plants found?
Mostly tropical family mainly found in wetlands
Important due to a few invasive species and the pomegranates (Punica)
What are some common features across local Lytheraceae plants?
Not many common features across the family
Local commonalities:
- perennial herbs with opposite leaves
- flowers with wrinkled petals
- stamens twice as many as petals
- outcrossing enforced by tristyly
- many-seeded capsule
Floating aquatic plants with sharply toothed leaves, and petioles with enlarged portions, leaves borne in a rosette (water chestnut)
What is heterostyly?
The condition (e.g. in primroses) of having styles of different lengths relative to the stamens in the flowers of different individual plants, to reduce self-fertilization.
What order is Brassicaceae family a part of?
Brassicales
What order are Onograceae and Lythraceae a part of?
Myrtales
What are glucosinolates?
Natural components of many pungent plants such as mustard, cabbage, horseraddish, etc.
- known as mustard oils
Brassicaceae family produces it
What order of plants produces glucosinolates?
Brassicales
What food plants are produced from Brassica oleracea?
Cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, brussel sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower
What food plants are produced from Brassica rapa?
bok choy, napa cabbage, turnip, canola
What are the stem/leaf characteristics of Brassicaceae family?
Herbaceous plants
Alternate or basal leaves
What are the inflorescence characteristics of Brassicaceae?
Flowers in racemes or panicles
Indeterminate (i think?)
What are the floral characteristics of Brassicaceae?
Flowers perfect, regular, 4-merous, polypetalous
Stamens tetradynamous (2 short, 4 long stamens)
Superior ovary made up of 2 fused carpels with septum and parietal placentation
What are the fruits in Brassicaceae?
Fruit a capsule of either the silique (long and narrow) or a silicle (short and broad) type
What are stellate hairs?
Star-shaped hairs
Found in the Malvaceae family (not unique to this family, but found across it)
What are the stem/leaf characteristics of Malvaceae (mallow) family?
Woody or herbaceous
Leaves usually palmately veined or lobed, alternate
