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Microbiology > lecture 5- bacterial diversity > Flashcards

lecture 5- bacterial diversity Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

High G+C

A

Actinobacteria

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2
Q

Actinobacteria

A

Actinomyces
Frankia
Streptomyces

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3
Q

Actinomyces

A

filamentous, branching, some human pathogens

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4
Q

Frankia

A

filamentous

Nitrogen fixation

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5
Q

Streptomyces

A 
Forms mycelium 
produces antibiotics: 
tetracycline
macrolides
aminoglycosides
amphotericin B
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6
Q

Low G+C

A

Firmicutes

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7
Q

Firmicutes

A 
Lactobacillus
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Bacillus
Clostridium
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8
Q

Gram negative

A

proteobacteria (alpha, beta, gamma, epsilon)

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9
Q

alpha

A 
Rhizobiales:
agrobacterium 
bradyrhizobium 
nitrobacter
rhizobium
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10
Q

nitrogen fixing bacteria

A

bradyrhizobium
rhizobium
frankia

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11
Q

nitrifying bacteria

A

nitrobacter

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12
Q

what is nitrogen fixation

A

Nitrogen –> ammonia

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13
Q

beta

A

neisseria

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14
Q

characteristic of neisseria

A

diplococci

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15
Q

gamma

A

enterobacteriales:
shigella
salmonella
E.coli

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16
Q

epsilon

A

camplylobacteriales:
campylobacter
helicobacter

17
Q

characteristic of helicobacter

A

multiple flagella

18
Q

what kind of fluorescent oligonucleotides can be used?

A

DAPI (4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) 400 nm
Acridine orange 500 nm
SYBR Green 497 nm

19
Q

how to phylogenetically classify non-culturable bacteria?

A

study 16s rRNA gene of the bacteria

20
Q

FISH

A

fluorescent in situ hybridisation uses different coloured oligonucleotides to match different 16s rRNA sequences

21
Q

species richness

A

the total number of species present in an ecosystem

22
Q

species abundance

A

the proportion of each species in an ecosystem

23
Q

pelagic zone

A

nutrient poor

24
Q

prochlorophytes

A
  • related to cyanobacteria
  • photosynthetic prokaryote member of the phytoplankton group Picoplankton.
  • abundant in nutrient poor tropical waters
  • use a unique photosynthetic pigment, divinyl-chlorophyll, to absorb light and acquire energy.
25
Q

photic zone

A

200m below surface

26
Q

pelagibacter ubique

A

nonphototrophic oligotroph

27
Q

archaea

A

found in extreme conditions below the photic zone

28
Q

most abundant bacteria found in colon

A

firmicutes

29
Q

bacteroids

A

swollen, misshapen and branched rhizobia

30
Q

leghaemoglobin

A

enzyme produced by nodules, keeps O2 away from nitrogenase

31
Q

where does nitrogenase function

A

in bacteroids but not free living rhizobia

32
Q

flavonoids

A

stimulate growth of rhizobia

33
Q

nod factors

A

induce root hair curling and trigger plant cell division

Microbiology (10 decks)

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