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genetics > lecture 5 > Flashcards

lecture 5 Flashcards

dna structure and properties pt.2

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the shape of DNA?

A

double helix of two complementary polynucleotide chains

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2
Q

what is a two-ringed heterocyclic nitrogenous base?

A

purine

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3
Q

how many atoms are in the ring structure of a purine atom?

A

9

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4
Q

what is a single-ringed nitrogenous base?

A

pyrimidine

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5
Q

how many atoms are in the ring structure of pyrimidine atom?

A

6

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6
Q

what are the TWO purines?

A

adenine, guanine

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7
Q

what are the THREE pyrimidines?

A

cytosine, thymine, uracil

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8
Q

what is a nucleoside comprised of?

A

nitrogenous base and deoxyribose sugar

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9
Q

what is a nucleotide comprised of?

A

nitrogenous base, deoxyribose sugar, phosphoric acid

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10
Q

what type of bond holds together the nitrogenous base and the deoxyribose sugar?

A

N-glycosidic bond

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11
Q

what type of bond connects the deoxyribose sugar to the phosphate group?

A

phosphodiester bond(5’carbon to 3’carbon)

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12
Q

what type of configuration is favored by purines?

A

anti

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13
Q

what type of configuration has a role in the creation of Z-DNA in purines?

A

syn

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14
Q

what type of bond is the phosphodiester bond on the 5’ carbon end?

A

covalent

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15
Q

what type of bond is the phosphodiester bond on the 3’ carbon end?

A

hydrogen bond

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16
Q

how many hyrdogen bonds connect an adenine to a thymine?

A

2 hydrogen bonds

17
Q

how many hydrogen bonds connect a cytosine to a guanine?

A

3 hydrogen bonds

18
Q

what is the hydrated form of DNA known as?

A

B-DNA

19
Q

what type of DNA has a right-handed double helix and has bases that are stacked?

A

B-DNA

20
Q

what is the unhydrated form of DNA known as?

A

A-DNA

21
Q

what type of DNA is wider and shorter than B-DNA?

A

A-DNA

22
Q

what type of DNA has a right-handed double helix and has bases that are tilted inwards?

A

A-DNA

23
Q

what configuration are the bases of A-DNA and B-DNA generally?

A

anti configuration

24
Q

what type of DNA is found most often in protein binding to specific nucleic acids?

A

Z-DNA

25
Q

what characteristics does the form of Z-DNA have?

A

left-handed helical formation with a zig-zag pattern

26
Q

what type of DNA often has repeating purine-pyrimidine sequences?

A

Z-DNA

27
Q

what kind of base configuration is found in Z-DNA?

A

BOTH anti and syn

genetics (30 decks)

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