Lecture 4B: Late Infancy

Question 1

What are the general characteristics of Late infancy?

Answer 1

works on pelvic/ hip stability- functional sitting and quadruped

creeping- primary means of locomotion

erect sitting allows development of hand function

Question 2

What is the hallmark of LI?

Answer 2

constant motion

Question 3

What is the usual sequence of postural fixation?

Answer 3

6 mo- prone
7-8 mo- sitting and supine
10 mo- quadruped
12 mo- standing

Question 4

What is sequence of protective extension?

Answer 4

FWD- 6 mo
Side- 8 mo
rear- 10-12 mo

Question 5

What are developmental abilities of LI in prone and supine?

Answer 5

supine- not preferred position

prone- position of preference by 7 months old
pivots side ways and belly crawls

Question 6

What do LI like doing in sidelying?

Answer 6

playing, transition here from prone

co contraction of extensors and flexors and control of head, neck, shoulder

Question 7

What can LI do in quadruped?

Answer 7

can easily assume position from sidelying, requires adequate UE and shoulder WB control, hip control

Question 8

How is bear position different than quadruped?

Answer 8

harder bc there is more WB on UE

Question 9

How does a LI stand?

Answer 9

can pull self to stand at supporting surfaces, can walk along furniture, can walk with one hand held

Question 10

How does quadruped to stand change from 7- 9 months?

Answer 10

7 mo- pulls to stand with arms

8-9- extends and elevates trunk

Question 11

How does stand to lowering change from 7-9 months?

Answer 11

7- no eccentric control

8-9- has controlled lowering

Question 12

How is ambulation done in LI?

Answer 12

walks with UE held

steppage gait pattern- ER and flexion, wide ABD, momentum comes from individual walking with child

by end of stage has flexion and slight ADD which promotes trunk alignment with LE

Question 13

What are fine motor skills in late infant?

Answer 13

good grip strength, release small objects into large ones

can bottle feed alone