Lecture 2a: Influences on Development Flashcards
What are two different types chromosomal factors in development?
- very young mothers may have immature germ cells
- meotic phase of cell division- germ cells too old in old mothers
What are some chromosomal abnormalities?
deletion, abnormal joining can lead to physical feature changes like in down syndrome
What dz can result from a single gene?
muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis
If there are issues during weeks 2-8 what will it result in?
structural abnormalities
If there are issues 8 weeks to birth what will it result in?
difficulties with function
What are teratogens?
substances known to cause congenital malformations
What is the mechanism in which teratogens work?
alter structure, prevent transfer of nutrients/O2, interfere with metabolism
What determines effects of teratogens?
types, timing and dosage as well as individual vulnerability or resiliency
What are examples of teratogens?
radiation, Thalidomide (once used for morning sickness)
How many calories does a mother require with fetus?
3000 a day
What is TORCH?
T: toxoplasmosis- CNS lesions, blindness
O: others- syphyllis (still borns, premature)
R: Rubella- vaccine not til ‘69
C: CMV (leads to hydrocephalus)
H: Herpes simplex (outcome depends on when contracted)
What is single biggest factor in postnatal development?
poverty/Socioeconomic status
