Lecture 3: Early Infancy Flashcards
What is the neonatal period?
first 28 days of infancy
What can the baby do to get rid of bypass system and create normal circulation system?
first cry
What happens with pulmonary system in neonatal?
fluid in lungs replaced by oxygen, O2/CO2 exchange begins
What is the APGAR score?
0-10 point scale taken at 1 min then 5 mins after birth, can be done at 7 if there is concern
What does APGAR stand for?
A- appearance/ color P:Pulse G: Grimace- reflex irritability A: activity- muscle tone, active motion of limbs R: Respiration
What is average weight and height for neonatal?
7-9 pounds, 19-23”
less than 5 1/2 lbs. SGA
more than 10 :LGA
What can a newborn do physiologically?
temp regulation
cardiac- HR 120 bpm
Resp- 33 breaths/ mi, mucus excretion
How well is CNS functioning in neonate?
primary motor cortex and sensory cortex most active
we are looking for the baby to have smooth changes in state
What is Brazelton/ Nugent Neonatal Assessment?
considers motor status and transition between irritability- coping and sleep
What are 6 behavioral states of Neonates?
1- deep sleep 2- active or REM sleep 3- transition from sleeping to wakefulness 4- quiet alert 5- active alert 6- crying
What is selective attention in neo?
looking towards images they already know
How is sight in the neo?
can keep eye contact, and follow things but only for a limited distance- lack head control
What is most powerful form of stimuli in the neo?
touch
How does the neonate have a solid vestibular system?
move around in utero and get used to self imposed movement
What is respiratory distress syndrome?
lack of surfactant, leads to lack of opening of airways
What is bronchopulmonary dysplasia?
scarring of lung tissue
What is physiological flexion?
aka Neonatal flexion
resting posture of baby in flexion
What are two components of neonatal flexion?
- increased muscle tone- resistance to passive stretch
- ROM limited so stays in flexed position
this is necessary though as it provides stable base
How does a neonate sit?
no balance and in a C curve
What are the first muscles to work AG?
neck extensors in prone
What are deep attractor wells?
a preferred pattern of movement that is highly predictable
ex: same stimulus usually gets same response
What is the definition of neonatal reflex behaviors?
neurological process involving sensory stimuli, involuntary, coordinated patterns of muscle activity “pre-programmed”
What are the functional implications of reflex behaviors?
basis of functional motor behavior, protective mechanism
What are Survival reflexes of neonate?
moro, rooting, suck/swallow, galant
What is moro?
head extends and arms ABD then recoil when held on back suspended 4-5 months
What is rooting?
baby turns head or neck in the way they are touched
ex: touched on right cheek turn to right
4 months
What is a galant reflex?
paravertebral stimuli leads to lateral flexion on each side
4-6 months
What is ATNR?
face side extension, skull side flexion
What is TLR-s?
stimulus to back leads to all EXT
What is TLR- P?
stimulus to anterior all flexion
What is STNR?
neck extension when suspended in prone position
What is NOB?
neck on body- body rolls as log
What is traction?
when a baby gets pulled supine to sit then they will flex arms
At 3 months what skills does baby have in supine?
head in midline, greater extension and can reach AG
At 3 months what skills does baby have in prone?
lifts head 45 degrees and can hold an isometric contraction
Why is there greater stress on baby in sitting?
no postural strength or support, the baby will compensate by elevating shoulders
What is astasia-abasia?
when held in standing position baby has inconsistent weight bearing, dancing feet
