Lecture 4 Small int, Pancreas, Large, int, mesenteric arteries (Smith Flashcards
what are the 2 orifices of the stomach?
Cardial and pyloric sphincter
_______ contains the opening of hepatopancreatic ampulla, it is the longitudinal fold of the duodenum.
Major duodenal papilla
Little hood over duodenal papilla.
Circular folds of (kerckring)
__________ contains opening of accessory pancreatic duct.
Minor duodenal papilla
Jejumum and ileum attaches to the posterior abdominal wall by the _________________.
Mesentery of the small intestine
Which has more anastomotic loops Jejunum or Ileum?
Ileum has 3+, jejunum has 1-2.
Which has a longer vasa recta of the mesentery? Jejunum or ileum?
Jejunum is long and Ileum is short
Which has more circular folds, Jejunum or ileum?
Jejunum has large folds and there are many
Ileum is small folds and there are few
The duodenum has ________ glands that secrete mucus in the submucosa.
Brunner’s
The ileum has ___________ of the Mucosa and submucosa which are lymphatic nodules.
Peyer’s patches
The exocrine portion makes up __% of the pancreatic cells.
99
____ are clusters of exocrine cells that produce digestive enzymes which flow into the GI Tract through a network of ducts.
Acini
Cells associated with Acinar cells produce sodium bicarbonate which makes the fluid alkaline and neutralizes the acidic _____.
chyme
Secretions from exocrine cells is called ____________ which digest carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Pancreatic juice
The ______________ exits the pancreas and merges with the common bile duct.
main pancreatic duct
The combined pancreas and comon bile duct is now called _______ as it enters the duodenum as the major duodenal papilla.
the hepatopancreatic ampulla
The much smaller duct, the ______________ exits the pancreas to empty into the duodenum at the minor duodenal papilla.
accessory pancreatic duct
What is the path of Bile flowing from liver to Duodenum?
Right&Left Hepatic ducts»> Common Hepatic duct (joined by cystic duct)»> Common bile duct (joins main pancreatic duct)»> Hepatopancreatic Ampulla
Smooth muscle strips along the middle of the large intestine.
Teniae coli
Fat pockets hanging off of large intestine.
Omental appendices (aka epiploic appendices)
This moves chyme through the large intestine becoming fecal matter.
Haustra
This is located in the medial wall and has superior and inferior lips postmortem.
Ileal orifice
This comes off the end of the cecum located inferior to the ileal orifice.
Orifice of the appendix
These cells are abundant within the large intestine.
Goblet cells
The appendix contains large groups of _______ nodules which are located in lamina propria of mucosa and some in the submucosa.
lymphatic
Why does pain for an appendicitis occur around the belly button at first?
Because sensory fibers for pain run through dermatome T10 and it runs through the umbilicus.
Then pain is more in the right lower quadrant which is called ________ point.
Mcburneys
Superior mesenteric supplies these 8 structures
Pancreas, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon.
What are the 5 branches of the Mesenteric artery and what do they supply?
Pancreaticoduodenal- supplies pancreas and duodenum
Middle colic- supplies transverse colon
Right colic- supplies ascending colon, and transverse colon
Ileocolic- supplie ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon
Jejunal and ileal- makes arcades supplying intestinal wall
What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?
transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper half of anal canal
What 3 branches come off of the inferior mesenteric and what do they supply?
Left colic artery supplies transverse and descending colon.
Sigmoid arteries supplies sigmoid colon.
Superior rectal artery supplies rectum and anal canal
What is the only group of splanchnic nerves that carries parasympathetic fibers?
Pelvic splanchnic
Know that preganglionic fibers originate in lower thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord segments and pass through without synapsing in sympathetic trunk, out through 1 of 4 splanchnic nerves and terminate in _________ ganglia where they finally synapse with postganglionic neurons.
Greater splanchnic
Lesser splanchnic
Least splanchnic
Lumbar splanchnic
Prevertebral ganglia
Celiac ganglion supplies sympathetic fibers to what structures?
stomach, upper duodenum, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, spleen
Structures supplied by superior mesenteric ganglion?
duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon
Inferior mesenteric ganglion supplies postganglionic sympathetic fibers to what structures?
transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper anal canal
Postganglionic fibers form ______ around corresponding arteries and their branches to reach target organs.
plexuses. The plexuses innervate the same organs as the arteries supply!
Vagal branches join ______ plexus and superior _______ plexus.
celiac
mesenteric
Vagus nerves synapse with pastganglionic neurons in walls of target organs of which two ganglion?
celiac ganglion and mesenteric ganglion
Pelvic splanchnic nerves carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from spinal cord segments ___-____.
S2-S4
Fibers enter inferior _______ plexus and inferior ________ plexus, this is how target organs are reached.
hypogastric
mesenteric
Parasympathetic innervation synapses with postganglionic neurons in walls of target organs in _______ _______ ganglion.
Inferior mesenteric, which supply the same as the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery.
