Lecture 4 Small int, Pancreas, Large, int, mesenteric arteries (Smith

Question 1

what are the 2 orifices of the stomach?

Answer 1

Cardial and pyloric sphincter

Question 2

_______ contains the opening of hepatopancreatic ampulla, it is the longitudinal fold of the duodenum.

Answer 2

Major duodenal papilla

Question 3

Little hood over duodenal papilla.

Answer 3

Circular folds of (kerckring)

Question 4

__________ contains opening of accessory pancreatic duct.

Answer 4

Minor duodenal papilla

Question 5

Jejumum and ileum attaches to the posterior abdominal wall by the _________________.

Answer 5

Mesentery of the small intestine

Question 6

Which has more anastomotic loops Jejunum or Ileum?

Answer 6

Ileum has 3+, jejunum has 1-2.

Question 7

Which has a longer vasa recta of the mesentery? Jejunum or ileum?

Answer 7

Jejunum is long and Ileum is short

Question 8

Which has more circular folds, Jejunum or ileum?

Answer 8

Jejunum has large folds and there are many

Ileum is small folds and there are few

Question 9

The duodenum has ________ glands that secrete mucus in the submucosa.

Answer 9

Brunner’s

Question 10

The ileum has ___________ of the Mucosa and submucosa which are lymphatic nodules.

Answer 10

Peyer’s patches

Question 11

The exocrine portion makes up __% of the pancreatic cells.

Answer 11

99

Question 12

____ are clusters of exocrine cells that produce digestive enzymes which flow into the GI Tract through a network of ducts.

Answer 12

Acini

Question 13

Cells associated with Acinar cells produce sodium bicarbonate which makes the fluid alkaline and neutralizes the acidic _____.

Answer 13

chyme

Question 14

Secretions from exocrine cells is called ____________ which digest carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Answer 14

Pancreatic juice

Question 15

The ______________ exits the pancreas and merges with the common bile duct.

Answer 15

main pancreatic duct

Question 16

The combined pancreas and comon bile duct is now called _______ as it enters the duodenum as the major duodenal papilla.

Answer 16

the hepatopancreatic ampulla

Question 17

The much smaller duct, the ______________ exits the pancreas to empty into the duodenum at the minor duodenal papilla.

Answer 17

accessory pancreatic duct

Question 18

What is the path of Bile flowing from liver to Duodenum?

Answer 18

Right&Left Hepatic ducts»> Common Hepatic duct (joined by cystic duct)»> Common bile duct (joins main pancreatic duct)»> Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

Question 19

Smooth muscle strips along the middle of the large intestine.

Answer 19

Teniae coli

Question 20

Fat pockets hanging off of large intestine.

Answer 20

Omental appendices (aka epiploic appendices)

Question 21

This moves chyme through the large intestine becoming fecal matter.

Answer 21

Haustra

Question 22

This is located in the medial wall and has superior and inferior lips postmortem.

Answer 22

Ileal orifice

Question 23

This comes off the end of the cecum located inferior to the ileal orifice.

Answer 23

Orifice of the appendix

Question 24

These cells are abundant within the large intestine.

Answer 24

Goblet cells

Question 25

The appendix contains large groups of _______ nodules which are located in lamina propria of mucosa and some in the submucosa.

Answer 25

lymphatic

Question 26

Why does pain for an appendicitis occur around the belly button at first?

Answer 26

Because sensory fibers for pain run through dermatome T10 and it runs through the umbilicus.

Question 27

Then pain is more in the right lower quadrant which is called ________ point.

Answer 27

Mcburneys

Question 28

Superior mesenteric supplies these 8 structures

Answer 28

Pancreas, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon.

Question 29

What are the 5 branches of the Mesenteric artery and what do they supply?

Answer 29

Pancreaticoduodenal- supplies pancreas and duodenum
Middle colic- supplies transverse colon
Right colic- supplies ascending colon, and transverse colon
Ileocolic- supplie ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon
Jejunal and ileal- makes arcades supplying intestinal wall

Question 30

What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

Answer 30

transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper half of anal canal

Question 31

What 3 branches come off of the inferior mesenteric and what do they supply?

Answer 31

Left colic artery supplies transverse and descending colon.
Sigmoid arteries supplies sigmoid colon.
Superior rectal artery supplies rectum and anal canal

Question 32

What is the only group of splanchnic nerves that carries parasympathetic fibers?

Answer 32

Pelvic splanchnic

Question 33

Know that preganglionic fibers originate in lower thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord segments and pass through without synapsing in sympathetic trunk, out through 1 of 4 splanchnic nerves and terminate in _________ ganglia where they finally synapse with postganglionic neurons.

Answer 33

Greater splanchnic
Lesser splanchnic
Least splanchnic
Lumbar splanchnic

Prevertebral ganglia

Question 34

Celiac ganglion supplies sympathetic fibers to what structures?

Answer 34

stomach, upper duodenum, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, spleen

Question 35

Structures supplied by superior mesenteric ganglion?

Answer 35

duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon

Question 36

Inferior mesenteric ganglion supplies postganglionic sympathetic fibers to what structures?

Answer 36

transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper anal canal

Question 37

Postganglionic fibers form ______ around corresponding arteries and their branches to reach target organs.

Answer 37

plexuses. The plexuses innervate the same organs as the arteries supply!

Question 38

Vagal branches join ______ plexus and superior _______ plexus.

Answer 38

celiac

mesenteric

Question 39

Vagus nerves synapse with pastganglionic neurons in walls of target organs of which two ganglion?

Answer 39

celiac ganglion and mesenteric ganglion

Question 40

Pelvic splanchnic nerves carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from spinal cord segments ___-____.

Answer 40

S2-S4

Question 41

Fibers enter inferior _______ plexus and inferior ________ plexus, this is how target organs are reached.

Answer 41

hypogastric

mesenteric

Question 42

Parasympathetic innervation synapses with postganglionic neurons in walls of target organs in _______ _______ ganglion.

Answer 42

Inferior mesenteric, which supply the same as the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery.