Lecture 3 Stomach... etc (Smith) Flashcards
What are the 2 orifices of the stomach?
Cardial and Pyloric
Functions of stomach:
Storage via rugae
Mixing like concrete to produce chyme
Physical breakdown via smooth muscle and HCl
Chemical breakdown via Pepsin
Controlled release of chyme into the small intestine regulated by pyloric sphincter
5 different cells that make up the gastric pits of the stomach?
Surface mucous cell (secretes mucous)
Mucous neck cell (secretes mucous)
Parietal cell (secretes HCl acid and intrinsic factor)
Chief cell (secretes pepsinogen and gastric lipase)
Enteroendocrine cell (secretes various hormones including gastrin which stimulates other organs to increase output)
Abdominal aorta has 4 unpaired branches, what are they?
Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery, median sacral artery
Abdominal aorta has 5 paired branches , what are they?
Inferior Phrenic arteries, Middle suprarenal arteries, renal arteries, gonadal arteries, lumbar arteries
What does the left gastric artery supply?
Esophagus and stomach
What does the splenic artery supply?
pancreas, stomach, greater omentum, spleen
What does the common hepatic artery branch into?
proper hepatic artery, and gastroduodenal artery
Cystic artery supplies?
gall bladder
Gastroduodenal artery supplies what?
pancreas, stomach, greater omentum, duodenum
What 2 branches come off of the gastroduodenal?
Pancreaticoduodenal to the right, and Gastroepiploic to the left
What 4 structures give partial supply to the stomach?
left gastric, splenic, right gastric, gastroduodenal
Which surface of the liver is considered the anterior surface?
Visceral surface
Which surface is the posterior surface of the liver?
Diaphragmatic surface
3 branches off of the hepatic portal vein?
Splenic, inferior mesenteric, superior mesenteric
What does the superior mesenteric vein drain?
stomach, large intestine and small intestine
what does the splenic vein drain?
stomach, spleen, pancreas
what does the inferior mesenteric vein drain?
large intestine and rectum
what does the left and right gastric drain?
stomach
what does the cystic vein drain?
Gallbladder
True/False. Hepatic portal vein delivers oxygenated blood to the liver.
False, deoxygenated blood
True False. Proper hepatic artery delivers oxygenated blood to the liver.
True
Blood mixes in _________ of smaller and smaller branches off of the hepatic portal vein and proper hepatic artery.
sinusoids (blood capillaries of the liver)
What are kupffer’s cells?
stellate reticuloedothelial cell. remove bacteria and other debris from the blood.
Know what sinusoids and kupffer’s cells look like on histology slide.
sinusoids are streams within the hepatic cells. Kupffer cells are black blobs… (Slide 21, 22)
_________ is the primary bile pigment.
Bilirubin. (Broken down in the intestine, some lost in feces, but most reabsorbed and returned to liver via hepatic portal vein.)
Jaundice is a yellowish coloration of the ________ of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes due to a buildup of bilirubin.
Sclera
In the liver bilirubin is processed and eventually excreted as ____.
Bile
What are the 4 types of jaundice?
Prehepatic- excess bilirubin production
Hepatic- liver diseases, cirrhosis, or hepatitis
Extrahepatic- blockage of bile drainage
Neonatal- newborns poorly functioning liver for the first week
Bile is produced by ________.
Hepatocytes
Gallbladder histology… What are the layers from inside out?
Mucosa- epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa
Surface of the spleen that is smooth, and doesn’t have the hilus is called _________.
Diaphragmatic surface
The surface of the spleen that has the hilus is called ___________.
Visceral surface
