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Gross Anatomy > Kidneys (akers) > Flashcards

Kidneys (akers) Flashcards

1
Q

True false: The suprarenal gland, liver, the second part of the duodenum, and the right colic flexure is posterior to the right kidney.

A

False, anteriorly

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2
Q

What part of the pancreas is in front of the left kidney?

A

tail

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3
Q

What is the difference between peri and para?

A

Peri is around or covering. Para is adjacent

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4
Q

All apexes of the renal pyramids point towards the ______?

A

Hilum

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5
Q

All bases of the renal pyramids point towards the _____?

A

Cortex

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6
Q

Segmental arteries break up into _____?

A

Lobar (before it enters mesh of kidney not important)/ interlobar arteries

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7
Q

Interlobar arteries branch out adjacent to pyramids in __________.

A

Renal columns

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8
Q

Urine flow in kidney?

A

Pyrimids to minor calyx to major calyx to renal pelvis to ureter.

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9
Q

Know blood flow into kidney in arteries.

A

Renal artery to interlobar artery to arcuate artery to interlobar artery

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10
Q

________ arteriole means blood is coming to you…

A

Afferent

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11
Q

_______ arteriole means blood is going away…

A

Efferent

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12
Q

Inner layer of bowmans capsule is called ______ layer.

A

Parietal

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13
Q

Bowmans capsule is surrounded by ________ layer.

A

Visceral layer

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14
Q

Visceral layer contain _________ which form a barrier and create finistrations that allow good and bad to come out, not anything big (like proteins) to come out…

A

podocytes

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15
Q

Are there proteins in your urine?

A

no

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16
Q

What two structures help get the baby (i.e. get important amino acids, glucose, water, vitamins and other things) back?

A

Mostly the Brush/Proximal convoluted tubule and some in the loop of henle

17
Q

Basic function unit of the kidney. COmprised of a renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and a distal convoluted tubule.

A

Nephron

18
Q

Composed of a glomerulus and a bowman capsule

A

Renal Corpuscle

19
Q

Consists of a spherical knot of capillaries which is fed by an afferent

A

Glomerulus

20
Q

Long tubes that follow a serpentine course as they drain filtrate from the renal corpuscle into the loop of Henle.

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

21
Q

Proximal convoluted tubule is lined by __________________ with abundant microvilli (brush border)

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

22
Q

Continuation of the proximal convoluted tubule makes a U shaped structure.

A

Loop of Henle

23
Q

Distal and proximal differ in one very important way.

A

Proximal convoluted tubule has the brush border… Distal doesn’t have a brush border and has macula densa (senses and monitors acid base balance, and how much water we are putting out).

24
Q

__________ is a tight packed group of cells within the Distal Convoluted Tubules that senses and monitors ionic content and water volume of the filtrate.

A

Macula Densa

25
Q

The collecting system consists of 3 things…

A

Cortical collecting tubules, collecting ducts, and papillary ducts.

26
Q

__________ system is the last checks and balance of the Acid Base concentration.

A

Collecting

27
Q

Collecting tubules become highly permeable to water under the influence of ___________ hormone.

A

Antidiuretic (ADH)

28
Q

__________ is the temporary collecting spot for the urine.

A

Urinary bladder

29
Q

Ureters are long relatively small tubules lined by ________________ and surrounded by a thin layer of smooth muscle and connective tissue.

A

Transitional epithelium

30
Q

Bladder has 3 openings:

A

2 for ureters and one for emptying urine into the urethra.

31
Q

Urinary bladder consists of 3 layers:

A

mucosal, muscularis, and adventitial layers

32
Q

Suprarenal glands have ________ and ________ surrounded by capsule.

A

cortex and medulla

33
Q

___________ are concerned with the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.

A

Mineral corticoids

34
Q

_________ are concerned with the control of the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and a small amount of sex hormones.

A

Glucocorticoids

35
Q

MEdulla of the suprarenal glands secretes the catecholamines _________ and _________.

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine.

36
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers derived from the __________ supply the glands. Most of the nerves end in the _________ of the gland.

A

Splanchnic nerves

Medulla

37
Q

True/False: Preganglionic sympathetic fibers end in the medulla of the suprarenal glands synapsing in a ganglion in the gland.

A

False, it does not synapse in a ganglion.

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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