Lecture 4 Plan Of Care Flashcards
Children with DCD may not effectively use _______ and are heavily dependent on ______
Anticipatory control
Visual feedback
Repeated motor activity without _____________ would yield very little gain in terms of motor learning
Active participation and information processing
Why may tying a shoe lace be difficulty for a kid with DCD
Child must rely on feedback provided during the course of performance meaning that it makes the movement slow and laborious
Therapists can grade the challenge of a task in terms of ______
Example: being in an open area vs having obstacles
Information processing
A pelvic block will lead to what kind of gait
adduction/scissoring
______ sitting will be seen in children with a pelvic block
W sitting
Children with a posterior tilt pelvic block have trouble with what
unable or difficulty with weight shift or dissociating LE
Children with an anterior pelvic tilt pelvic block will have what kind of posture in prone
still w/ frog legs (hip flexion, abduction, ER)
Children w/ anterior tilt pelvic block will have what difficulties
difficulty with lateral weight shift and righting reactions
cant dissociate LE in quadruped which leads to bunny hopping
a shoulder block will lead to what
unable or poor forearm weight bearing
no scapular stability
lack of scapular rotation
consequence: lack of UE development
Children with a neck block often have bilateral deficits in ______________
deficits of UE development and ocular development
With a neck block, the spine rotates_________
Spinal _______ is emphasized
toward the head
extension
During a hyperextension neck block, what is seen?
Lack of midline and tucking, development of scapular is blocked
shoulder elevation stabilizes head
What are the 4 common blocks
neck block
shoulder block
anterior pelvic tilt Hip Pelvic block
posterior pelvic tilt Hip Pelvic block
Frequently, babies with blocks have ________ postural tone
hypotonic
Chorea
Ongoing, random appearing sequence of one or more movements, or fragmented movements that varying in timing
Athetosis
slow continuous involuntary writhing that prevents stable posture
Tremor
rhythmic back and forth or oscillating involuntary movement
Ataxia
Gross lack of coordinated movements
Hypotonia
excessively low resistance to passive stretch
Spasticity
resistance to passive movement that is speed dependent
Dystonia
Movement disorder with involuntary sustained or intermittent muscle contractions, causing twisting and repetitive movements or atypical postures
Rigidity
a more extreme type of hypertonicity
Children with autism often exhibit
toe walking
Children with idiopathic toe walking need to have their _______ milestones examined
language and speech
T or F: there is a family history, autosomal dominant pattern, for toe walking
T
For treating toe walking, what is the goal for dorsiflexion?
10 dorsiflexion
Do idiopathic toe walkers need to strengthen their plantarflexors
most of the time, yes
What counts as idiopathic toe walking?
Persistent toe walking after the age of 2
or
intermittent toe walking past the age of 3
is surgery generally recommended for idiopathic toe walking
no, they typically respond well to conservative treatment
When working with children with developmental coordination disorder, before we can do dual task, what must we do
take the child to a high level of the primary task before introducing competing tasks
How should we use dual task for children with DCD?
use dual task to evaluate the level of learning of a primary task or developmental postural control
practice functional tasks in the natural environment where attention is divided
Children with DCD and CP typically struggle with ________
dual task
The main neuro facilitation approach originated from what two early motor control theories
Reflex and hierarchical theories
Which theory states that central pattern generators work together as a whole to patterned motor commands
And more complex programs developed at the cortex level result from motor learning
Motor programming theory
Which theory states that movements are an interaction of many systems and emphasizes the constraints of the MSK system and environment on movement
Systems theory
Which theory states that control shifts between many systems based on the internal state and specific motor task and environmental conditions
Systems theory
What are examples of automatic postural responses in systems theory
Ankle strategy - coordinated distal to proximal pattern
Hip strategy- proximal to distal activation
Which motor control theory emphasizes what while movement shifts between many systems there is a principle of self organization in the components.
In this approach VARIABILITY within and between individuals is essential for motor development
Dynamic systems theory
Under a certain condition, a child with CP walks with a reciprocal pattern
Under other conditions the child resorts to bunny hopping
This is an example of what theory?
If the different condition that causes each way of moving is how fast the child’s going, what would we call this?
Dynamic systems theory
Control parameters (in this case the control parameter is speed)
The concept of _______ can be important for intervention because the therapist can identify what factors promote change in the movement produced
Control parameters, a part of dynamic systems theory
What is the “Triad of constraints” in dynamic systems theory?
Person
Environment
Task
Any of these can be a control parameter
What is the difference between dynamic systems and information processing perspective
Dynamic system -framework for how movement behavior is organized and how it changes
Information processing perspective-
Addresses cognitive systems and their role in motor learning
What theory emphasizes the cognitive processes associated with learning motor skills and says that information processing is essential to motor learning
Information processing perspective
What does information processing theory say about repeated motor activity
Repeated motor activity without information processing will yield very little motor learning gain
What are the 3 stages to information processing
Stimulus identification
Response selection
Response programming
At 2 years old what should we see when a child ambulates (2 things)
Heel strike
Reciprocal arm swing
