Lecture 4 - Insulin, Non-insulin Hypoglycemic Agents, and Obesity Drugs Flashcards
NPH is insulin bound to _______, which slows its degradation to active insulin, hence its intermediate time of action.
Protamine
Hypoglycemia Associated Autonomic Failure (HAAF) occurs as a result of the body’s inability to recognize Hypoglycemia. How does this happen?
With as little as a single episode of hypoglycemia, the brain becomes less effective at detecting and correcting hypoglycemia.
Oral contraceptives and corticosteroids ______ (increase or decrease?) insulin requirements, while Beta-adrenergic blockers and Hypoglycemic agents ______ (increase or decrease?) insulin requirements.
Increase
Decrease
_____ competitively inhibits renal excretion of Metformin.
Cimetidine
Metformin can cause decreased absorption of Vit___.
Vit B12
Meglitinides act similarly to _______, but they are not ____-based (so no allergic reaction) and they are used for control of _______ glucose as opposed to fasting.
Sulfonylureas
Sulfa-based
Postprandial
SGLT-2 inhibitors (Flossin’ -flozins from sketchy) lower glycemia AND ____ ____ ____ (the latter via an osmotic effect.)
Keep in mind these are contraindicated in renal disease with GFR < ____mL/min.
Systolic Blood Pressure
45mL/min
Because Pramlintide (Amy Lynn from Sketchy) decreases _____ _____, it should not be given to patients taking meds that require high threshold for activity.
Gastric Emptying
POMC neurons act via ______ to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure. _____ neurons do just the opposite (increase food intake and decrease energy expenditure.)
Alpha-MSH
NPY
_______ is a drug used for reduction of obesity. It acts by increasing NE –> inhibits NPY and stimulates POMC.
Phentermine
Contrave, a combo of _____ and ______, acts to increase POMC activity.
Naltrexone
Buproprion
______ is a drug to reduce obesity by decreasing fat absorption and cholesterol.
Orlistat
