Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

210 - kcep > lecture 4: blindness > Flashcards

lecture 4: blindness Flashcards

1
Q

do you have to be totally blind to be considered as visually impaired

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

acuity means what (1 word)

A

sharpness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

visual field is what

A

peripheral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a normal visual field

A

180

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

to be considered legally blind you need to have both bad acuity and low visual field

A

false, you need only 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the conditions to be considered legally blind

A

20/200 or less with best correction (10% acuity)

OR

visual field less than 10% (tunnel vision)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the definition of total blindness

A

inability to recognize a strong light shown directly into the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the percentages of those who have residuals vs totally blind?

A

80% residual (20% totally blind)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 3 sport classifications according to the international blind sports federation

A

b1. b2. b3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the general definition of B1

A

from total blindness to very low residual vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the general definition of b2

A

low residual vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the general definition of b3

A

better residual vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

explain b1

A

No light perception in either eye up to light perception and inability to recognize the shape of a hand in any direction and at any distance
-Do sports like swimming, judo and wrestling independently. Track event with a guide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which classification has no light perception to light perception in either eye

A

b1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

inability to recognize the shape pf the hand in any direction at any distance is associated to what classification

A

b1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what type of sports to b1 classification do independently

A

swimming, judo and wrestling independently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

can b1 athletes do track events?

A

yes with a guide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

explain b2 classification

A

Ability to recognize the shape of a hand up to a visual acuity of 2/60 and a limitation of the field of vision of 5◦

-Can do many activities independently with the sunlight / bright indoor light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

which classification has the ability to recognize the shape of hand up to a visual acuity of 2/60 and or limitation of field of vision 5 degrees

A

b2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what type of sports activities can b2 do

A

-Can do many activities independently with the sunlight / bright indoor light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

b3 has what vision

A

2/60 To 6/60 (20/200) vision and/or field of vision between 5 and 20◦

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what sports do b3 do

A

Do not use guides for most activities (except high-risk activities; ex: rock climbing, downhill skiing etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

true or false: b3 need guides for most activities

A

false (except for high risk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

at the Paralympics where does the guide go

A

at the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
in recreational skiing, 99% of blind people are guided from the
back
26
in ski racing, where is the guide
in the front
27
how many people in Quebec are legally blind
8000 (and going up since age is going up)
28
50% of those who are legally blind are over what age
65
29
10% of those in Quebec who are legally blind are under what age
20 years
30
what are the realities of vision loss
Only 1/3 of adults with vision loss are employed 3 X more likely to experience depression Greater risk of social isolation
31
what percentage of adults with visual lost are employed
1/3
32
true or false: those who are vision loss are 3x more likely to experience depression
true
33
those with vision loss are more at risk of what
social isolation
34
what are the 5 causes of blindness
``` Diabetic retinopathy Cataracts Glaucoma Macular degeneration Retinal detachment ```
35
what do retina cells do
convert light into neural impulses
36
what is the macula responsible for and give example
central vision | ex: reading
37
explain the blood vessels in the eye
blood vessels supply nutrients to eye structures (including retina cells)
38
what is the leading cause of blindness between ages of 20-65
diabetic retinopathy
39
what is Complication of diabetes and leading cause of blindness.
diabetes retinopathy
40
how does diabetic retinopathy occur
It occurs when diabetes damages the tiny blood vessels inside the retina. (damages = not reversible)
41
true or false: diabetic retinopathy is reversible
FALSE, the damages are permanent
42
cataracts is the most common in
senior citizens
43
what is a cataract
a clouding of the natural lens, the part of the eye responsible for focusing light and producing clear, sharp images
44
what is the lens and what is it responsible for
the part of the eye responsible for focusing light and producing clear, sharp images
45
explain glaucoma
This disease increases the fluid pressure inside the eye, leading to loss of side vision and eventually total blindness. The increased pressure destroys the optic nerve.
46
which condition increases pressure in the eye
glaucoma
47
what disease is a clouding of the lens
cataracts
48
what disease is associated with damaging the tiny blood vessels in the retina
diabetic retinopathy
49
what type of exercises should you avoid with glaucoma and why
isometric exercises | contacting msucles nbut no movement with means a lot of pressure gets built up
50
what is the first thing you lose for glaucoma?
lose peripheral first then total blindness
51
what is macular degeneration
is the gradual loss of vision caused by the degeneration of the macula, which is a small, circular membrane at the center of the retina (role = detailed central vision)
52
what is the macula
which is a small, circular membrane at the center of the retina (role = detailed central vision)
53
which condition is associated with is the gradual loss of vision caused by the degeneration of the macula,
macular degeneration
54
what is the percentage of macular degeneration in individuals?
occurs in 10% of individuals aged 66-74
55
true or false: in macular degeneration only the peripheral is affected
false, central is only affected
56
what is retinal detachment associated within(caused by)
is associated with a tear or a hole in the retina of the eye.
57
what is retinal detachment caused by
injuries or diabetic retinopathy
58
can you fix retinal detachment from an injury?
yes
59
can you fix retinal detachment from diabetic retinopathy
no because cells are dead
60
true or false: when talking to a blind person you should talk louder
false, they are not deaf
61
true or false: never grab a blind persons arm
true, but permit them to take your arm
62
what pace do you walk at when guiding (slow, same, or faster)
normal pace
63
when giving directions to a blind what should you remember
don't point or say over there
64
true or false: describe the surroundings
true
65
is it okay to pet a guide dog without permission
no, never distract or feed a dog guiding a blind or visually impaired person
66
According to the guidelines seen in the document ‘A Way with Words and Images’, in walking and talking, you should:
follow their pace (let the person set the pace)
67
what is important in terms of light for exercise
need good lighting for b2 and b3
68
what is important in terms of colours in sports
colour contrast and bright colours (especially in team sports) for easier recognition
69
true or false; you should eliminate noise in exercise for blind
yes (ex: goal ball, beep baseball
70
what are some recommended activities for exercise for blind?
Wrestling, tumbling, gymnastics, bowling, swimming, weight training, judo, dart throwing, dance, roller skating, ice skating, shuffleboard, horseback riding, tandem cycling, hiking, camping, fishing, rowing, water-skiing, surfing
71
how can a non-sighted person play bowling or dart through wing, which sense would they rely on
proprioception
72
what does lack of regular vig activity cause
predisposes VI children and adolescents to future hypokinetic diseases (hypertension, CAD, etc.)
73
blind kids met normal standards
false, many were below stNDARDS
74
what are the effects of exercise training on blind
↑ cardiovascular fitness + ↓ obesity ↑ balance skills + ↑ spatial orientation ↑ self-image + ↑ confidence
75
how can you increase spacial orientation
Practice walking a straight line Practice walking different floor patterns Take a short walk and find the way back Following instructions, try to make ¼, ½, ¾, and full turns
76
what is the required equipment for goal ball
bell ball
77
how many players per team in goal ball
3 players per team
78
what is the personal equipment of goal ball
helmets, knee , elbow pads and blindfolds
79
why do they need to wear blindfold in goal ball
to eliminate residual vision
80
is the ball allowed to bounce in goal ball
Ball may bounce, but must be rolling before it reaches the opponents throwing area or it becomes an infraction
81
what body positions can you stop the ball with in goal ball
standing, kneeling, lying position to stop the ball
82
what type of ball do they use in beep baseball
regulation softball with battery sound device
83
what are the bases in beep baseball
48 inches tall with electronic buzzer in each
84
true or false: the bases in beep baseball dont have a sound
false
85
what are the members of the team in beep baseball
A team has 6 blindfolded players and 2 sighted players who act as pitcher and catcher and as spotter
86
what is fair ball in beep baseball
Fair ball – umpire designates which one of the two buzzing bases shall be activated
87
how do the umpires decide which base to go to
the base with less people (prevent collisions)
88
how do you get a point in beep baseball
get to base before the ball is catched
89
true or false: in beep baseball you need to through the ball to the base
no , just need to catch it
90
how is a run scored in beep baseball
Run is scored if the batter gets to the designated base before the ball is fielded
91
the spotters in beep baseball are blind or sighted
sighted
92
true or false: the spotters are allowed to catch
false they can only guide
93
what are the two types of retina cells
cones and rods
94
what does the increase in fluid pressure inside the eye destroys
optic nerve
95
during exercise, what type of verbal instruction is needed
precise verbal instruction (state your name)
96
true or false: sight is not required for many sports
true
97
in the study for VI vs fitness level, who were the participants
results from 20 children with VI aged from 4-18
98
what was the location of the VI vs fitness level study
Montreal association for the blind
99
for the VI vs fitness level study, what was the baseline PA for the participants
subjects were attending 2 30 minute periods of PA per week (ie: yoga, callisthenics, locomotor activities)
100
what was the results for body fat in the VI vs fitness level study
most kids who were blind has an excess amount of body fat in comparison to normal values
101
what was the results for grip strength in the VI vs fitness level study
those with VI were not able to have a lot of grip strength | =most fell below the normal grip strength values
102
what was the results for max o2 consumption in the VI vs fitness level study
none of the participants were able to reach the average value of 45ml;kg for oxygen consumption =lower max oxygen consumption
103
what was the results for heart rate in the VI vs fitness level study
Subjects were consistently unable to attain the age-predicted maximal heart rate (220-age)

210 - kcep (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions