Lecture 4 Flashcards
What is the activated form of galactose?
UDP galactose
How does UDP galactose enter the glycolysis pathway?
UDP galactose can be converted into UDP glucose and can enter the glycolysis pathway.
How does mannose enter the glycolysis pathway?
mannose can enter the glycolysis pathway as fructose 6 phosphate.
What is the fate of lactate after it is produced?
Lactate can be converted into glucose via gluconeogenesis.
What is the function of NAD+ in glycolysis?
2 NAD+ is reduced to NADH in glycolysis. This is necessary for glycolysis to take place. These NADH molecules can enter the anaerobic, lactate forming pathway?
What is the consequence of lactic acid accumulation? (This answer is debatable but is what Ken said)
Accumulation of lactic acid can cause cramps.
How are carbohydrates digested?
Salivary amylase in the mouth.
Stomach acid does minimal hydrolysis of starch.
Pancreatic amylase hydrolyses starch to disaccharides and monosaccharides.
Intestinal maltase hydrolyses maltose to 2 glucose. Sucrase hydrolyses sucrose to glucose and fructose, and lactase hydrolyses lactose to glucose and galactose.
What are the benefits of fiber during digestion?
Fiber delays gastric emptying which helps a person feel full for longer.
In the large intestine fiber attracts water and this softens stools and fermentation by bacteria takes place creating gas which makes release of stools easier.
