Lecture 2 Flashcards
What is the difference between an oligosaccharide and a polysaccharide?
Oligosaccharides are typically made up of 4 - 20 monosaccharides and polysaccharides have more than 20.
What is the difference between glucose and dextrose?
There is no difference. Glucose and Dextrose are different names for the same molecule.
Which of the monosaccharides is sweetest?
fructose is the sweetest of the monosaccharides. It occurs naturally in honey and fruit.
Where would you typically find galactose?
As part of another disaccharide or polysaccharide.
Which foods have lots of starch and which have lots of simple sugars?
Potatoes and other vegetables have lots of starch. Fruit have lots of simple sugars.
Does meat contain any carbohydrates?
Meat contain some glucose and glycogen but in very small amounts.
Which sugars are typically found in sugarbeet?
Sugarbeet contains mostly sucrose.
Which sugars are typically found in sugar cane?
Sugar cane contains glucose, fructose, and sucrose.
How are D and L sugars different to each other?
D-sugars are the mirror image of L-sugars.
What differentiates different sugars of the same family?
Difference between different sugars of the same family is the amount of carbon atoms and the position of the hydroxyl groups.
What form does fructose take in solution?
The furanose form.
What form would you expect glucose and other monosaccharides to typically be in solution?
The pyranose form
What is the alpha position of a haworth projection?
alpha position is the first carbon of the haworth projection
Which form of a monosaccharide is favoured in an equilibrium reaction between its open chain form and its ring form?
Ring form
How is the ring sugar structure formed?
carbon 5 and aldehyde group react together to form the ring structure.
