Lecture 4 Flashcards
1
Q
Darwinism
A
States that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual’s ability to compete, survive, and reproduce
2
Q
Reciprocal altruism
A
Aid for future return (cleaner fishes, red winged blackbirds, rhesus monkeys)
3
Q
Sexual selection
A
- A special case of natural selection
- Says that animals better at obtaining and successfully copulating with mate will tend to produce more offspring
4
Q
Intrasexual selection
A
- Males fighting each other for access to females
5
Q
Intersexual selection
A
- How females select for males
- Motivation: Access to food, protection; will produce high-fitness offspring (Fischer’s sexy son hypothesis)
6
Q
Zahavi’s handicap principle
A
A male has a handicap, which makes them more attractive for females because despite that handicap they are able to survive and prosper
7
Q
Diffuse nervous system
A
- A nervous system that is not connected to a centralized brain; neurons are dispersed throughout the body (jellyfish have a nerve net)
8
Q
Centralized nervous system
A
- Nervous system leads back to a centralized brain where the neurons are
9
Q
Sex-Role Reversal
A
- In species where male is high investor instead of female, male is often the chooser and females compete (pipefish, jacanas, mormon cricket, dark fishing spider)
10
Q
Encephalization Quotient
A
Measure of brain weight relative to body weight
