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Musculoskeletal Anatomy I > lecture 4 > Flashcards

lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the wrist

A

Distal radius and ulna, carpal bones, and metacarpal bones

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2
Q

What is the distal radio-ulnar joint

A

A pivot joint formed by the distal radius which fits into the ulnar notch at the head of the ulna

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3
Q

What is the location of the triangular articular disc

A

connects the base of the radius to ulnar styloid process

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4
Q

what does the triangular articular disc articulate with

A

Its proximal surface articulates with the head of the ulna while its distal surface articulates with the triquetral and lunate bones

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5
Q

What are the two main roles of the triangular articular disc

A

stabilize the distal radioulnar joint, and allow rotational movement around the styloid process during pronation and supination

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6
Q

What are the proximal carpal bones

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

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7
Q

What are the distal carpal bones

A

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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8
Q

What carpals does the base of the radius articulate with

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum

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9
Q

what is the midcarpal joint

A

complex joints between distal and proximal rows of carpal bones (except the pisiform)

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10
Q

what are the movements of the wrist and carpal joints

A
  1. flexion mostly at the midcarpal joint 2. extension mostly at the radio carpal joint 3. abduction (radial deviation) limited by the radial styloid process 4. adduction (ulnar deviation) has great excursion
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11
Q

Where is the radial collateral ligament and what does it do

A

It stretches from the styloid process of radius to the scaphoid and it limits ulnar deviation

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12
Q

Where is the ulnar collateral ligament and what does it do

A

It stretches from the ulnar styloid to the triquetrum and pisiform. Its role is to limit abduction, or radial deviation.

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13
Q

Where do the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm originate

A

CFO - Common flexor origin aka medial epicondyle

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14
Q

What is the insertion and action of the palmaris longus

A

Insertion: palmar aponeurosis
Action: wrist flexion

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15
Q

What is the insertion and action of the pronator teres

A

Insertion: radius
Action: pronate forearm

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16
Q

What is the insertion and action of the flexor carpi radialis

A

Insertion: MC 2,3
Action: flex and radially deviate wrist

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17
Q

What is the insertion and action of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Insertion: MC 5
Action: flex and ulnarly deviates the wrist

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18
Q

Where does the pisiform bone develop

A

Within the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris. This is called a sesamoid bone

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19
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Origin: CFO, Radius, and ulna
Insertion: middle phalanges of 2-5
action: flexes fingers

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20
Q

what is the origin, insertion, and action of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

origin: Ulna
insertion: distal phalanges of 2-5
action: flexes fingers

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21
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

median n. to the radial half, ulnar n. to the ulnar half

22
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the flexor pollicis longus

A

origin: radius
insertion: distal phalanx of thumb

23
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the pronator quadratus

A

Origin: ulna

insertion: radius
action: pronate forearm

24
Q

How are the finger insertions of the long flexors positioned relative to one another

A

The flexor digitorum S. splits its tendons and insert distally to the PIP. The FDP passes through the FDS to insert distally to the DIP

25
Q

What does the median nerve innnervate

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, half of the flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

26
Q

What is the location of the median nerve

A

Deep to the bicipital aponeurosis through the pronator trees down the center of the forearm deep to the flexor digitorum superficialis

27
Q

What does the ulnar nerve innervate

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris, half of the flexor digitorum profundus

28
Q

what is the location of the ulnar nerve

A

posterior to the medial epicondyle, through the flexor carpi ulnaris down the side of the forearm deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris

29
Q

Where are the common locations of ulnar nerve compression

A

When it’s near the arcade of Struthers, in the cubital tunnel, or near the heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris

30
Q

What is the origin of the brachiolradialis, extensors carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensors digitorum and digit minima, and extensor carpis ulnaris

A

Origin: CEO aka supracondylar ridge

31
Q

What is the insertion and action of the brachioradialis

A

insertion: radius
action: flexes elbow ad maintains half pronated position

32
Q

What is the insertion and action of extensors carpi radialis longus and brevis

A

insertion: MC 2,3
Action: extend and radially deviate wrist

33
Q

What is the insertion and action of the extensors digitorum and digiti minimi

A

Insertion: into extensor expansions over middle and distal phalanges
Action: extend fingers

34
Q

What is the insertion and action of the carpi ulnaris

A

Insertion: MC 5
Action: extend wrist and ulnarly deviate

35
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the supinator

A

Origin: crest of the ulna, lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments
insertion: Lateral surface of proximal radius

36
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the abductor pollicis longus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of middle third of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of first MC

37
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the extensor pollicis longis

A

Origin: Proximal surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

38
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the extensor pollicis brevis

A

Origin: Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb

39
Q

What is the origin and insertion or the extensor digiti indici

A

Origin: proximal surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: extensor expansion of second digit

40
Q

What does the radial nerve innnervate

A

All the nerves of the posterior forearm

41
Q

What is the extensor retinaculum

A

A CT sheet that holds down the extensor tendons

42
Q

What is a ganglion cyst

A

Fluid filled vesicle in the synovial sheath of extensor tendons

43
Q

What are extensor dorsal expansions

A

The extensor tendons broaden out over MCP joints, divide into 3 slips and insert onto middle and distal phalanges

44
Q

What is the function of CT slips

A

interconnects tendons to coordinate their actions

45
Q

What is the location of the radial nerve

A

Anterior to lateral epicondyle, deep to brachioradialis, it then branches and the deep branch goes to the posterior compartment while the superficial radial nerve goes to the dorsal skin, superficial to snuffbox tendons

46
Q

What tendons make up the anatomical snuffbox

A

Extensors pollicis longus and brevis, abductor pollicis longus

47
Q

What bones is the anatomical snuffbox a landmark for

A

Scaphoid, trapezium, and radial styloid process

48
Q

Where does the radial artery enter the hand

A

It crosses the floor of the anatomical snuffbox and passes between the first two metacarpal bones to enter the palm of the hand

49
Q

What moves during forearm pronation and supination

A

The radius rotates around the ulna within the annular ligament. The ulna shifts laterally via anconeus

50
Q

What is a common injury to the elbow joint

A

Nursemaids elbow: dislocation of the radial head from the annular ligament.

Musculoskeletal Anatomy I (8 decks)

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