Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Physical activity

A

any movement that requires energy above resting levels

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2
Q

Exercise

A

planned, structured type of PA designed to improve physical fitness

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3
Q

Physical fitness

A

set of attributes that include health and athletic related skills. allows for enjoyment of life without fatigue or stress response

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4
Q

Cardiovascular endurance

A

ability of body to sustain exercise, large dynamic exercise
achieved through aerobic training
designed to help achieve physical fitness

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5
Q

Muscle Endurance

A

ability of an isolated muscle group to perform repeated contractions over a period of time

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6
Q

VO2 Max

A

highest rate of oxygen the body can consume during max exercise.
gold standard of measurement of CV endurance

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7
Q

Blood pressure and aerobic ex

A

systolic BP increases, Diastolic stays the same

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8
Q

Pulmonary ventilation and aerobic ex

A

tidal volume and respiratory rate increase in proportion to exercise

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9
Q

What increases with CV endurance training?

A

heart volume
left ventricle size
stroke volume
hemoglobin
capillary formation
VO2 max
energy levels

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10
Q

What decreases with CV endurance?

A

resting and submax HR
time required to get to resting
BP
respiratory rates
body fat
blood glucose

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11
Q

Causes of impaired aerobic activity

A

coronary artery disease
pericarditis
heart failure
aneurysms
arrhythmias
rehumatic fever
endocarditis
prolapse
deformities of heart

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12
Q

Pulmonary diseases

A

COPD
asthma
pneumonia
cystic fibrosis
lung cancer

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13
Q

Deconditioning

A

bed bound causues decreased skeletal muscle mass, strength, CV function, orthostatic tolerance, exercise tolerance, bone mineral density

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14
Q

Clinical signs and symptoms aerboic intolerance

A

severe shortness of breath
abnormal sweating
pallor, cyanosis, cold/clammy skin
CNS symptoms
leg cramps

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15
Q

Warning signs of a heart attack

A

angina is retrosternal chest pain
pain in left arm, jaw, back, lower neck pain, pressure

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16
Q

Risk factors for decreased CV health

A

age, male, race, family hx, post menopause
physical inactivity, smoking, elevated BP, overweight/obese

17
Q

Low risk w/submaximal exercise

A

men <45
women <55
asymptomatic, no more than 1 risk factor

18
Q

Moderate risk w/submaximal ex

A

men >45
women >55
or have 2 or more risk factors

19
Q

High risk w/submaximal ex

A

1 ore more signs or symptoms

20
Q

Maximal graded exercise tests

A

supervised by medical doctor
done with ECG
done to determine CHD, CAD

21
Q

ACSM exercise

A

at least 150 minutes of moderate-intense exercise a week
30-60/5days min of moderate or 20-60 min/3days of vigorous

22
Q

Precautions of aerobic exercise

A

those with a history of >1 myocardial infarctions
impaired left ventricular function
angina pectoris

23
Q

Contraindications of aerobic ex

A

serious arrhythmias at rest
multi-vessel atherosclerosis

24
Q

ABSOLUTE contraindications of aerobic ex

A

MI in the past 7 days
any acute cardiac event
unstable angina
uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias
acute pulmonary embolus
acute mysocarditis, pericarditis
acute infection
dissecting aneurysm

25
Kids and aerobic exercise
resting and exercise BP is lower, HR is higher hot environments = lower intensity 60 min to several hours a day
26
Eldery and aerobic exercise
30 mins, 5days/wk with emphasis on minimizing impact on joints