Lecture 33 - EKG Review Flashcards
Remember that the P wave is ALWAYS Positive in Lead __ if the Rhythm is normal.
Lead II
Remember that the PR interval (A-V conduction) is normally about ___ big box in length (0.2sec). If it is longer, it is considered ____ degree AV block, which can be caused by Hyper_____ and increased ____ tone.
1
1st degree AV block
Hyperkalemia
Vagal tone
QRS represents ventricular repolarization from epicardium to _______. Its normal length is about ____ small boxes (0.06-0.10 sec).
Endocardium
2 small boxes
Type I (Wenkebach) Second degree AV block can be caused by a high _____ tone, Digitalis or ______ (which medication?) effect, Chronic ______ heart disease, or _____ valve disease. Remember the EKG will show “Group beating” –> continuously prolonged PR until QRS drop off, and then pattern repeats –> How does this compare to the EKG of Type II (Mobitz II) Second degree Av block, and what is Type II Second degree AV block usually caused by?
Vagla tone
Digitalis or Propranolol effect
Chronic Ischemic Heart disease
Aortic valve disease
Type II Second Degree AV block will show a consistently prolonged PR interval with dropped QRS pattern, and it will show Widened QRS. It is usually caused by acute Anterior MI (damage to the bifurcation of the bundle branches).
Is Type I or Type II 2nd degree AV bock more severe, and which one requires a pacemaker?
Type II is more severe and requires a pacemaker.
In a Left Anterior Hemi-block, Leads __ and ___ are positive, while leads ___, ___, and ___ are all negative. The OPPOSITE is true for Left Posterior Hemi-Block.
Leads I and aVL are Positive.
Leads II, III, and aVF are Negative.
LBBB is indicated on EKG with a very deep, negative QS wave on Lead ___ and inverted ____ wave –> if it is not inverted, it indicates ischemia!
Lead V1
T-wave
RBBB is indicated on EKG with positive “_____ ears” QRS wave in Lead ____ and inverted ____ wave –> if it is not inverted, it indicates ischemia!.
Rabbit ears
Lead V1
T wave
Multifocal Atrial Rhythm shows P waves of differing configurations and variable PR intervals from one beat to another. This is indicative of _____ disease.
LUNG disease
The hallmark of Atrial flutter on EKG is a ____-___ pattern. What’s the difference between this and what’s seen on AFib EKG, and what’s the cause of AFib?
Saw-tooth
Atrial Flutter shows REGULAR pattern, while AFib shows Irregular pattern, which is caused by abnormal electrical activity from the Pulmonary veins entering the LA.
Wolff-Parkinson-White tachycardia with Atrial fib will have ____ (narrow or wide?), irregular QRS waves.
Wide
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) EKGs will show a wide _____, likely with a P wave after it.
Wide QRS with a P wave after it.
Patients with Right ventricular failure will almost always present with ____ ____ failure shortly after. Is the same true the other way around?
Left Ventricular Failure
NO
