Lecture 24 - Endocarditis

Question 1

What are the 2 major criteria for IE?

What are the 5 minor criteria?

How many of which criteria are necessary for a positive diagnosis?

Answer 1

1. Positive Blood culture
2. Evidence of Endocardial involvment
3. Predisposition
4. Fever (Temp > 38C)
5. Vascular phenomena
6. Immunologic phenomena
7. Microbiological evidence

2 major, 1 major and 3 minor, or all 5 minor

Question 2

Increased healthcare associated infections is the reason ____ _____ is the most common bacteria that causes endocarditis.

Answer 2

Staph aureus

Question 3

_____ _____ is typically responsible for endocarditis that results from poor dentition.

Answer 3

Strep viridans

Question 4

For the Blood Culture major criteria of IE, how many cultures are done, and how many should be positive for a “positive” result?

Answer 4

3 cultures should be done at different times and at different locations, and 2 need to be positive to count as a Major Criterion. Keep in mind it should indicate HIGH GRADE bacteremia.

Question 5

Treatment for native valve endocarditis includes _____ and _____. Treatment for prosthetic valve endocarditis includes _____, Gentamicin, and _____.

Answer 5

Vancomycin

Ceftriaxone

Vancomycin

Rifampin

Question 6

If a bacteria is sensitive to ___-_____, that’s what should be used instead of Vancomycin for endocarditis treatment.

Answer 6

Beta-lactam

Question 7

Patients with one of the four following criteria should be treated with endocarditis prophylaxis before Invasive dental procedures and/or Invasive respiratory procedures ONLY:

1. Previous ________
2. ______ heart valve
3. Cardiac transplant with _____ disease
4. Congenital heart disease with a leaking repair, a repair that was done less than ____ months ago, or unrepaired/cyanotic.

Answer 7

1. Previous Endocarditis
2. Prosthetic heart valve
3. Cardiac transplant with valvular disease
4. Congenital heart disease with a leaking repair, a repair that was done less than 6 months ago, or unrepaired/cyanotic