Lecture 3 - Neural and Hormonal Systems

Question 1

Why do psychologist study the brain

Answer 1

Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors can be traced to electrical signals traveling through the brain and the body.

Question 2

How does the brain work

Answer 2

Nervous system and communication system

Question 3

Nervous system

Answer 3

Vast network of wiring and circuit boards

Question 4

Communication system

Answer 4

Made up of neurons

Question 5

what is the nervous system made of

Answer 5

nervous system cells, neurons, dendrites, cell body, axon, glial cells

Question 6

Neuron

Answer 6

Specialized cell that transmits neural messages to other neurons, glands, and muscles

Question 7

Dendrites

Answer 7

Receives neural messages from other neurons

Question 8

Cell body

Answer 8

A.k.a. the Soma and it houses DNA

Question 9

axon

Answer 9

thin tube that transmits message

Question 10

glial cells

Answer 10

A.k.a. glia and it acts as glue

it provides structure for neurons, communicates with each other, response to an release neurotransmitters, important in learning and memory

Question 11

myelin sheath

Answer 11

specialized cells that are wrapped around the axon to help transmit message

Question 12

Action potential

Answer 12

electrochemical impulses that travels from the cell body down to the end of the axon

Question 13

Threshold

Answer 13

Level of electric charge needed to stimulate action potential

Question 14

All or none response

Answer 14

Once the electric charge of the neuron reaches a certain threshold, it fires an action potential

Question 15

Synapse

Answer 15

junction between two neurons

Question 16

How are impulse is transmitted across the synapse

Answer 16

Via neurotransmitters

Question 17

reuptake

Answer 17

sending neuron reabsorbs excess neurotransmitters

Question 18

Inhibitory signals

Answer 18

Decreased likelihood that a neuron will fire

Question 19

ExcitatorySignals

Answer 19

Increased likelihood the neuron will fire

Question 20

Neurotransmitters

Answer 20

Chemical signal between neurons

Question 21

Acetylcholine

Answer 21

Affects neurons involved in muscle action, learning, memory

Question 22

Endorphins

Answer 22

Reduce pain and promote pleasure

Question 23

what is Dopamine and what is the result of having too much?

Answer 23

affect neurons involved in voluntary movement, reward, learning, memory

schizophrenia

Question 24

Serotonin

Answer 24

Affects neurons involved in sleep, appetite, mood

Question 25

If a person has depression do they have high or low levels of serotonin?

Answer 25

Low levels

Question 26

what is GABA and what is the result of having too little?

Answer 26

Inhibitory - calms

anxiety builds

Question 27

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 27

aka adrenaline and noradrenaline

Involved in stress response

Question 28

agonists

Answer 28

Bind to receptors

Question 29

Antagonists

Answer 29

Block receptors