Classical Conditioning Flashcards
What is classical conditioning?
learning process in which a previously neutral stimulus becomes associated with another stimulus through repeated pairing with that stimulus
How did Pavlov study classical conditioning?
- studied digestion
- Noticed that dogs salivated at mere sight of food dish and learned to associate dish with food
- Presented food with neutral stimulus (bell)
- Measured salivation in response to neutral stimulus (bell) presented alone
What is the unconditioned response (UCR)?
innate response to unconditioned stimulus
salivation
What is the unconditioned stimulus (UCS)?
stimulus that automatically elicits response without prior conditioning
food
What is the conditioned response (CR)?
learned response to a stimulus that did not originally evoke the response
salivation
What is the conditioned stimulus (CS)?
previously neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response through association with an unconditioned stimulus
bell
What is acquisition?
stage of conditioning in which organism is learning the association between the 2 stimuli
What is generalization?
when a CR has been associated with a particular stimulus, similar stimuli will evoke the same response
What is extinction?
learning that the CS no longer predicts the US
- Learning of new CS-no US pair that inhibits CS-US association
What is discrimination?
learned tendency to respond to a restricted range of stimuli or only to stimulus learned during training
What is spontaneous recovery?
preservation of original CS-US association after extinction training
- Original CR returns as time passes following extinction
- Tends to be short-lived
What is second-order (higher-order) conditioning?
new neutral stimulus becomes associated with previously conditioned stimulus – becomes new CS
- Tends to be weaker than first-order conditioning
