Lecture 3: Key Summary Points Flashcards
Allosteric Regulation of PFK1: Activate? Inhibit? or No Change?
Activate: F26BP, ADP or AMP
Inhibit: High ATP, citrate, H+
No Change: Enolase & aldolase
Where is the allosteric site?
In the middle of the ring
Which state is inactivated or activated?
Inactivated: T state
Active: R state
Allosteric Regulation of pyruvate kinase (PK): Inhibit, Activate, or no change?
Inhibit: Alanine, ATP
Activate: F1,6 bisP
Why regulated at multiple enzymes?
Because glycolysis is both a catabolic and an anabolic pathway
Which enzyme breaks down glycogen?
Glycogen phosphorylase
What are the products of glycogen phosphorylase?
G1P
What is the enzyme involved that turns G1P to G6P?
PGMutase
What are the 3 layers of control in glycogen metabolism?
1: P-glycogen phosphorylase (active); P-glycogen synthase (inactive)
2: Kinase (Glucagon); Phosphatase (Insulin)
3: Glucagon; Insulin
If liver is hit with insulin, which process would decrease, increase, or no change?
Increase: active transport, glycolysis, glycogen synthesis, lipid synthesis, and protein synthesis
Decrease: lipid breakdown and gluconeogenesis
Glycolysis vs. gluconeogenesis: GLYCOLYSIS PFK1 (Activate & Inhibit)
Activate: AMP, F2,6 BP
Inhibit: Citrate
F1,6 BPase is the opposite of these for gluconeogenesis
Glycolysis vs. gluconeogenesis: GLYCOLYSIS PK (Activate & inhibit)
Activate: F1,6 BP
Inhibit: ATP
Glycolysis vs. gluconeogenesis: GLUCONEOGENESIS PC (activate & inhibit)
Activate: Acetyl CoA (fuel rich)
Inhibit: ADP (energy charge)
Which enzyme will increase the size of glycogen?
Glycogen synthase
In order to activate glucose for glycogen synthesis, glucose is turned into what?
UDP-glucose
