Lecture 3: Growth and nutrients Flashcards
What are 3 regions that hyphae are divided into
Apical zone, subapical region(rich in cell organelle) and vacuolation zone(accumulates lipids in vacuole)
Fungi can grow at…
Almost all temperatures
Where does fungal growth take place
Exclusively at the apex
What are Spitzekorners
Extreme tip of the hyphae that consists of small vesicles embedded in actin microfilaments.
What produces the small vesicles of Spitzekorners
Golgi, and then they are transported to the tip
What strengthens the new cell wall
cross-linking of polymers
What else can hyphal apex do
- Swell into structures like yeast or spores
- Taper to penetrate various surfaces such as plant cell walls
- give rise to complex tissue and infection structures such as appressoria
Chemotropism
Orientation responce due to chemical stimuli
Thigmotropism
Orientation response due to stimuli by changes in surface contours
How do fungi obtain insoluble carbohydrates
They digest them first and then absorb them through their hyphae cell wall
Endoglucanase
Enzymes that break cellulose chains at random point
Cello-biohydrolase
Enzymes that only act on the ends of the cellulose chain cleaving off disaccharide units
B-glucosidase
Enzymes that cleave the disaccharide cellobiose to glucose
Saprotoph
Fungi that decompose dead organic matter
Parasite
Fungi that feed on living host
