Lecture 3 - Female Reproductive Tract I

Question 1

Fetal oocyte production?

Answer 1

as primordial germ cells in yolk sac, migrate to embryonic gonadal ridge @ 6weeks gestation

Question 2

Germ cell development in ovary?

Answer 2

differentiation into diploid oogonia, population expands via mitosis producing oocytes, undergo meiosis up till prophase of meiosis I, lie completely dormant in ovarian cortex until puberty and beyond

Question 3

Primordial -> tertiary follicle progression?

Answer 3

decreasing in numbers each step: primordial -> primary -> secondary (85 days) -> 1 or 2 tertiary (2-3 weeks)

Question 4

identifying primordial cells?

Answer 4

flattened granulosa cells

Question 5

identifying primary cells?

Answer 5

granulosa cells become cuboidal (follicular wave has begun)

Question 6

Identifying secondary cells?

Answer 6

proliferation of g cells into multiple layers with FSH receptors which act to produces oestrogen, inhibin and AMH; thecal cell presence with LH receptors, acting produce androgen

Question 7

Identifying tertiary cells?

Answer 7

antrum formation, w follicular fluid, theca externa development

Question 8

Steroid pathway?

Answer 8

T cell turn progesterone to androgen, G cell turn androgen into oestrogen (all reversible)

Question 9

Protein shell and cells?

Answer 9

zona pellucida, ZP1 (found in primordial), 2 and 3 added to activate follicle, filter normal sperm and prevent polyspermy

Question 10

Cluster of cells surrounding oocyte within follicle?

Answer 10

cumulus oophorus

Question 11

AMH?

Answer 11

anti-mullerian hormone, released from mature follicles to inhibit other primoridal development in follicular wave

Question 12

FSH?

Answer 12

proliferates granulosa cells

Question 13

Estrogen??

Answer 13

inhibits FSH, up till a peak where it positively feedsback as well as trigger LH spike causing ovulation

Question 14

Progesterone?

Answer 14

produced by luteal granulosa cells (along with estrogen), moves from ovary to uterus to work on endometrium and myometrium

Question 15

Inhibin?

Answer 15

negative feedbacks FSH @ pituitary

Question 16

Parts of fllopian tubes?

Answer 16

fimbria, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus

Question 17

Lumen progression?

Answer 17

ampulla complex with heaps of foldings, wider as progresses

Question 18

Epithelial lining?

Answer 18

ciliated or secretory, responsive to steroids (increased with oestrogen

Question 19

Muscular coat and other component?

Answer 19

inner circular, outer long (serosal coat)

Question 20

Hormone effects?

Answer 20

muscle activity, cilia, secretory activity; estrogen increases progesterone decreases