Lecture 19 - Breast & Lactation I

Question 1

Purposes of breats?

Answer 1

nurturing young, spacing pregnancies

Question 2

Embryology of breast?

Answer 2

primary breast bud -> secondary bud -> canulisation (driven by oes and prog.)

Question 3

Witch’s milk?

Answer 3

lactation of newborn, hormone stimulus in utero

Question 4

Hormones for growth?

Answer 4

oestrogen, progesterone, prolactin (alveolar), growth hormone, insulin and cortisol

Question 5

Progesterone for breast growth?

Answer 5

prevents major milk production & smooth muscle relaxation to prevent ejection during pregnancy

Question 6

Milk crests?

Answer 6

tissue which mammary glands derived, breats form around 6 weeks

Question 7

Ligaments?

Answer 7

suspensory/coopers, affected by age and hormones

Question 8

Ducts?

Answer 8

lactiferous ducts; 15-20

Question 9

Puberty?

Answer 9

alveolar cells go mammary glands develop in puberty due to oestrogen, but breast is primarily ducts and fat till pregnancy

Question 10

Connecting point of ducts?

Answer 10

lactiferous sinus

Question 11

Areola composed of?

Answer 11

sebatious glands

Question 12

Endocrine control of lactation?

Answer 12

suckling causes reduced secretion of dopamine (prolactin inhibiting factor) into portal blood, increasing VIP secretion by paraventricular nuclei, leading to prolactin release

Question 13

Milk ejection response?

Answer 13

suckling stimulates synthesis and secretion of oxytocin by posterior pituitary, contracts myoepithelial cells of alveoli causing ejection of milk into ducts and out nipple

Question 14

Other stimuli of MER?

Answer 14

sex, crying (of baby), smell of baby

Question 15

Lactation and contraception?

Answer 15

kisspeptin driven inhibition of FSH and LH production, leading to irregular or missing periods - not effective contraception

Question 16

Nibben?

Answer 16

supernumerory nipples - form along embryonic milk ridge