Lecture 3- Eukaryotes Flashcards
True or False: Primary phagocytosis of a cyanobacterium led to the ancestor of today’s mitochondria
False; the primary phagocytosis of a cyanobacterium led to the ancestor of red and green algae
What is a mixotroph?
Organism capable of autotrophy (photosynthesis) and heterotrophy
________ is the process in which a eukaryote engulfs a living prokaryote like bacteria
Primary endosymbiosis
What are plastids?
Membrane-bound organelles, like chloroplasts, that result from secondary endosymbiosis
What is the pigment responsible for the color of red algae?
Phycoerythrin
________ occurs when a eukaryote engulfs another eukaryote
Secondary endosymbiosis
What shared derived trait(s) do all stramenopiles share?
Two flagella (one short/smooth and one long with hair-like projections)
True or False: Possessing a mitochondria is a homologous characteristic for the eukarya
TRUE
What shared derived trait(s) do all archaeplastida share?
Chloroplasts via primary endosymbiosis
True or False: The eukaryotic tree is a polytomy
TRUE
An organism is observed to have a protective shell made of calcium or silica. To which eukaryotic supergroup could this organism belong?
SAR
Which eukaryotic supergroup is sister to the opisthokonta?
Amoebozoa
What shared derived trait(s) do all alveolates share?
Alveoli
In which eukaryotic supergroup are red and green algae found?
Archaeplastida
What shared derived trait(s) do all opisthokonta share?
Genetic similarities
What is the function of alveoli in alveolates?
Support plasma membrane
True or False: Nucleariids are sister to fungi and choanoflagellates are sister to animals
TRUE
Eukaryotic Cell Structure- List key derived traits
- Nucleus
- Membrane-bound organelles
- Well developed cytoskeleton: Network of fibers within cell- support, allows for asymmetry, changing shape