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Semester 3-Urinary > Lecture 3-Embryology > Flashcards

Lecture 3-Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What does the kidney develop from?

A

Intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

What is the first kidney system to form?

A

Pronephros

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3
Q

True or false: the pronephros does not function in humans

A

TRUE

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4
Q

What drives the development of the second kidney system?

A

Pronephric duct from the cervical region to the cloaca

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5
Q

What is the second kidney system?

A

Mesonephros

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6
Q

What forms the embryonic kidney?

A

Mesonephric duct + tubules

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7
Q

True or false: the embryonic kidney can conserve water

A

FALSE

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8
Q

What does the mesonephric duct go on to form in males?

A

Vas deferens and epididymis

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9
Q

What drives the development of the definitive kidney?

A

Mesonephric duct sprouting the ureteric bud

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10
Q

What is the ureteric bud?

A

Undifferentiated intermediate mesoderm

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11
Q

Complete the sentence: the metanephric ________ is a primitive clump of cells which forms the metanephros

A

Blastema

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12
Q

What is the collecting system of the kidney derived from?

A

Ureteric bud

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13
Q

What is the excretory system of the kidney derived from?

A

Intermediate mesoderm under the influence of the ureteric bud

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14
Q

Where does the metanephric kidney first appear?

A

Pelvic region

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15
Q

True or false: the kidney keeps its blood supply as it ascends

A

FALSE - gets new blood supply except for accessory renal arteries which are end arteries and don’t disappear

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16
Q

What can go wrong with the development of the kidney?

A
  • ureteric bud fails to interact with intermediate mesoderm -> renal agenesis
  • migration goes wrong: pelvic kidney where kidney doesn’t ascend or horseshoe kidney where inferior poles of kidney fuse when ascending
  • splitting of ureteric bud
17
Q

What is the urogenital sinus created from?

A

Cloacal part of hindgut by urorectal septum

18
Q

What does the superior part of the urogenital sinus connect to?

A

Umbilicus

19
Q

What does the inferior part of the urogenital sinus develop into?

A

Urethra

20
Q

What are the four parts of the urethra in male?

A
  • pre-prostatic
  • prostatic
  • membranous
  • spongy (along shaft of penis)
21
Q

How does the spongy urethra form?

A

Genital tubercle elongates and genital folds fuse to form the spongy urethra

22
Q

What is hypospadias?

A

Defect in the fusion of the urethral folds so the urethra opens onto the ventral surface rather than at the end of the penis

Semester 3-Urinary (19 decks)

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