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HN > Lecture 3 Cranial Nerves and Autonomics > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Cranial Nerves and Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three CN that are only special sensory?

A

I, II, VIII

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2
Q

Which four CN are only somatic motor, except one that also provides parasympathetic innervation? Which one also provides parasympathetic?

A

III, IV, VI, XII

III

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3
Q

Which four CN provide parasympathetic innervation?

A

III, VII, IX, X

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4
Q

Which five CN provide branchial motor innervation?

A

V, VII, IX, X, XI

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5
Q

Which four CN provide general sensory innervation?

A

V, VII, IX, X

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6
Q

Which six CN provide special sensory innervation? Of these, which three are exclusively special sensory?

A

I, II, VII, VIII, IX, X

I, II, VIII

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7
Q

Which two CN provide visceral sensory innervation?

A

IX, X

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8
Q

Which four CN provide somatic motors innervation?

A

III, IV, VI, XII

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9
Q

Which two CN provide visceral, general, and special sensory innervation? Which CN provides general and special sensory, but not visceral sensory?

A

IX, X

VII

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10
Q

Which two branchial CN provide all five types of innervation? Which CN doesn’t provide visceral sensory innervation, but has the remaining four types of innervation?

A

IX, X

VII

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11
Q

Which CN innervates structures for smell? What type of innervation is it?

A

I

Special Sensory

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12
Q

Which CN innervates structures for vision? What type of innervation is it?

A

II

Special Sensory

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13
Q

Which CN innervates all extraocular eye muscles except two? What type of innervation is it?

A

III

Somatic motor

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14
Q

Which CN innervates muscles around the lens of the eye? What type of innervation is it?

A

III

Parasympathetic

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15
Q

Which CN innervates only one eye muscle, the superior oblique? What type of innervation is it?

A

IV

Somatic motor

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16
Q

Which CN innervates muscles of mastication and a few others? What type of innervation is it?

A

V

Branchial motor

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17
Q

Which CN innervates sensory structures to practically all of the head? What type of innervation is it?

A

V

General sensory

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18
Q

Which CN innervates only one eye muscles, the lateral rectus? What type of innervation is it?

A

VI

Somatic motor

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19
Q

Which CN innervates muscles of facial expression and three others? What type of innervation is it?

A

VII

Branchial motor

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20
Q

Which CN innervates all glands of the head, except the parotid gland and glands of the skin? What type of innervation is it?

A

VII

Parasympathetic

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21
Q

Which CN innervates a small area of the ear and the external auditory meatus? What type of innervation is it?

A

VII

General sensory

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22
Q

Which CN innervates for taste in the anterior 2/3 of tongue and (soft) palate? What type of innervation is it?

A

VII

Special sensory

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23
Q

Which CN innervates structures for hearing and balance? What type of innervation is it?

A

VIII

Special sensory

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24
Q

Which CN innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle? What type of innervation is it?

A

IX

Branchial motor

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25
Q

Which CN innervates the parotid gland? What type of innervation is it?

A

IX

Parasympathetic

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26
Q

Which CN innervates the carotid body/sinus? What type of innervation is it?

A

IX

Visceral sensory

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27
Q

Which CN innervates the pharynx, middle ear, posterior 1/3 of tongue? What type of innervation is it?

A

IX

General sensory

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28
Q

Which CN innervates for taste in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? What type of innervation is it?

A

IX

Special sensory

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29
Q

Which CN innervates the pharynx, larynx, and soft palate? What type of innervation is it?

A

X

Branchial motor

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30
Q

Which CN innervates the smooth muscle and glands of the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen? What type of innervation is it?

A

X

Parasympathetic

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31
Q

Which CN innervates structures for visceral sensation from thorax and abdomen? What type of innervation is it?

A

X

Visceral sensory

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32
Q

Which CN innervates a small area of the ear and tympanic membrane, dura mater of posterior cranial fossa, and larynx? What type of innervation is it?

A

X

General sensory

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33
Q

Which CN innervates for taste in the epiglottis? What type of innervation is it?

A

X

Special sensory

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34
Q

Which CN innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles? What type of innervation is it?

A

XI

Branchial motor

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35
Q

Which CN innervates all intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles, except the palatoglossus muslce What type of innervation is it?

A

XII

Somatic motor

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36
Q

What are the four special senses involved with the CN?

A

Smell, Vision, Taste, Hearing

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37
Q

Which three CN are involved in providing innervation for taste?

A

VII, IX, X

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38
Q

What are the two types of ganglia involved with cranial nerves?

A

Sensory and Autonomic (motor)

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39
Q

Is the trigeminal gangliona 1st order or 2nd order neuron?

A

1st order.

40
Q

Where must the cell body of a lower motor neuron (LMN) be? Where is the upper motor neuron (UMN)?

A

In the CNS. In the motor cortex also in the CNS.

41
Q

T/F The preganglionic neuron of the parasympathetic system is the LMN

A

True

42
Q

What is another name for a visceral motor neuron?

A

Parasympathetic

43
Q

Which CN are go through the cavernous sinus? Which of these CN is deeper than the rest?

A

III, IV, V(V1, V2, not V3), VI.

VI

44
Q

What muscles does the CN XI innervate?

A

Trapezius and SCM

45
Q

CN XII innervates all muscles of the tongue except one. Which one? Which CN innervates this exceptional muscle?

A

Palatoglossus.

X

46
Q

All three divisions of CN V are general sensory but only one is also branchial motor? Which one is branchial motor?

A

V3

47
Q

Which CN supply the dura mater?

A

Primarily meningeal branches of V, X, and some XII

48
Q

How many branches does V2 have in the pterygopalatine fossa? What are they?

A 
7
PSA
Zygomatic
Greater Palatine
Lesser Palatine
Nasopalatine
Posterior lateral nasal
Pharyngeal
49
Q

What are the two branches V2 in the infraorbital canal?

A

MSA

ASA

50
Q

What are the three terminal branches of V2?

A

Inferior palpebral
Lateral nasal
Superior labial

51
Q

Where does V3 have most of its branches?

A

Infratemporal fossa

52
Q

What are the five branches of V3 in the infratemporal fossa?

A 
Recurrent meningeal
(Long) Buccal
Auriculotemporal
Lingual
IA
53
Q

What are the three branches of VII in the facial canal?

A

Chorda tympani
Nerve to stapedius musce in the middle ear
Greater petrosal

54
Q

What are the five terminal branches of CN VII?

A 
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
Mnemonic: To Zanzibar By Motor Car
55
Q

What is the VII branch that innervates maxillary structures? How does CN VII get to its final maxillary destinations?

A

Greater Petrosal Nerve.

By hitchhiking on branches of V2

56
Q

What is the VII branch that innervates mandibular structures? How does CN VII get to its final mandibular destinations?

A

Chorda Tympani.

By hitchhiking on branches of V3

57
Q

Where do the branchial motor branches of CN VII emerge?

A

Some Inside facial canal Nerve to stapedius muscle.

Most in stylomastoid foramen

58
Q

What nerves do the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII take from inside the facial canal?

A

Greater petrosal and Chorda tympani

59
Q

What nerve joins the greater petrosal to form the nerve of pterygoid canal? Where does the pterygoid canal go?

A 
Deep petrosal (from internal carotid plexus)
Goes to pterygopalatine fossa
60
Q

How do the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII get to the lacrimal gland from the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A

Hitchhike with zygomatic nerve of V2, then hitchhike further with the lacrimal nerve of V1 to the final destination (lacrimal gland)

61
Q

How do the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII get to the mucus glands of the nose and palate from the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A

Hitchhike with the nasopalatine nerve of V2

62
Q

How do the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII get to the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A

From facial canal they take the greater petrosal nerve and join the Deep petrosal nerve to form the
nerve of pterygoid canal, which goes to the pterygopalatine fossa.

63
Q

How do the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII get to the infratemporal fossa?

A

From facial canal take the chorda tympani thru middle ear and emerge from the petrotympanic fissure into the infratempral fossa

64
Q

How do the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII get from the infratemporal fossa to the submandibular ganglion?

A

Hitchhikes with ligual nerve of V3

65
Q

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII go from the submandibular ganglion?

A

To the sublingual and submandibular glands

66
Q

Where do the general sensory fibers of CN VII go? Where do they exit the facial canal?

A

Some small areas in and round the ear.

Stylomastoid foramen

67
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the general and special sensory of CN VII?

A

geniculate ganglion inside the internal acoustic meatus

68
Q

Where do the special sensory fibers of CN VII go? Where do they exit the facial canal?

A

Anterior 2/3 of tongue.

Exit the facial canal into the middle ear

69
Q

What nerve do the special sensory fibers of CN VII take into the middle ear?

A

Chorda tympani

70
Q

Where does the chorda tympani exit the middle ear?

A

Petrotympanic fissure into the infratemporal fossa

71
Q

How do the special sensory fibers of CN VII get from the chorda tympani in the infratemporal fossa to the tongue?

A

Hitchhikes with the lingual nerve of V3

72
Q

What are the two pathways that IX nerve fibers reach its denstinationstions?

A 
Jugular foramen
Middle ear (after exiting from jugular f.)
73
Q

Where do all nerve fibers of IX exit the cranial cavity?

A

Jugular foramen

74
Q

Where do the branchial motor fibers of IX go?

A

Stylopharyngeus muscle

75
Q

Where do all three types of sensory fibers of IX go after exiting the jugular foramen? Where are their cell bodies?

A

Superior and Inferior glossopharyngeal ganglia. The cell bodies are in these ganglia

76
Q

Where do the general sensory fibers of IX go from the Superior and Inferior glossopharyngeal ganglia? Where else do the general sensory fibers of IX go and how do they get there?

A

Posterior 1/3 of tongue and pharynx.

Middle ear thru the tympanic canal into middle ear

77
Q

Where do the visceral sensory fibers of IX go from the Superior and Inferior glossopharyngeal ganglia?

A

Carotid body and carotid sinus

78
Q

Where do the special sensory fibers of IX go from the Superior and Inferior glossopharyngeal ganglia?

A

Posterior 1/3 of the tongue for taste

79
Q

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of IX go after exiting the jugular foramen?

A

Takes the tympanic nerve thru the tympanic canal into middle ear

80
Q

What happens to the parasympathetic fibers of IX after they enter the middle ear via the tympanic nerve?

A

They form the tympanic plexus

81
Q

What happens to the parasympathetic fibers of IX after they leave the tympanic plexus?

A

The leave the tympanic plexus and middle ear by the lesser petrosal nerve

82
Q

What happens to the parasympathetic fibers of IX after they leave the middle ear via the lesser petrosal nerve?

A

The go through the foramen ovale into the infratemporal fossa

83
Q

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of IX after entering into the infratemporal fossa?

A

The otic ganglion

84
Q

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of IX go after synapsing in the otic ganglion?

A

Leave the otic ganglion and hitchhike with the auriculotemporal nerve of V3 and continue to the parotid gland

85
Q

Where do the branchial motor muscles of the X go?

A

Out of the jugular foramen to muscles of the pharynx, palate, and larynx

86
Q

Which muscles of the pharynx does X innervate?

A

All except except stylopharungeus (IX).

Superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

87
Q

Which muscles of the palate does X innervate?

A

All except tensor veli palatini - V3
Levator veli palatini
Palatopharyngeus
Palatoglossus

88
Q

Which muscles of the larynx does X innervate?

A

All of them

89
Q

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of X innervate?

A

Smooth muscle and glands of the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen up to left colic flexure (splenic flexure)

90
Q

Do the parasympathetic fibers of X synapse in any ganglia in the head and neck region?

A

No. Instead they synapse on or near the target organ

91
Q

What do the general sensory fibers of X innervate?

A

Dura of posterior cranial fossa, small areas around the ear and tympanic membrane, and larynx

92
Q

What do the visceral sensory fibers of X innervate?

A

Thorax and abdomen

93
Q

What do the special sensory fibers of X innervate?

A

Epiglottis for taste

94
Q

Where do all three sensory fiber types of X have their cell bodies?

A

Superior and inferior vagal ganglion

95
Q

What are the three ganglia in the cervical region that are the extension of the sympathetic chain from the thorax?

A

Inferior Cervical Ganglion (C7-C8)
Middle Cervical Ganglion (C5-C6)
Superior Cervical Ganglion (C1-C4)

96
Q

How do the post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers enter the head from their cervical synapse location?

A

They hitchhike on other nerves or blood vessels to reach structures in the head

HN (10 decks)

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