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Abnormal Psychology > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the treatment trends in PTBO?

A

• Wait times in community
• Treatment in schools
• PRHC emergency room

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2
Q

What does community psychology focus on?

A

• Seeking out problems or potential problems
• Focus on prevention

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3
Q

What is the primary reason for the social stigma surrounding depression, according to CAMH?

A

Only one third of the estimated three million people in Canada who suffer from depression seek help

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4
Q

Define self stigma.

A

Tendency to internalize mental health stigma and see oneself in more negative terms as a result of experiencing a psychological problem

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5
Q

What are common misconceptions about mental illness?

A

• People with mental illness/psychological disorders are unstable and dangerous
• The opposite is true

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6
Q

Is there a significant relationship between mental illness and violence?

A

Yes, a small but significant relation exists, particularly with schizophrenia

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7
Q

Which groups tend to have more positive attitudes towards mental health?

A

• Younger people
• More educated people
• People with training
• Those with personal experience

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8
Q

What led to the development of Freud’s theory?

A

Work with hysteria and hypnosis

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9
Q

What are the primary drives according to Freud?

A

• Eros (sex)
• Thanatos (aggression)

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10
Q

List the parts of the mind according to Freud.

A

• Conscious awareness
• Unconscious (repressed)
• Preconscious (material not in current awareness, but not repressed)

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11
Q

What does the ID represent in Freud’s structure of the mind?

A

Desire and pleasure principle

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12
Q

What is the primary function of the EGO?

A

To deal with reality and balance the demands of reality with the desires of the ID

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13
Q

What does the SUPEREGO represent?

A

Rules and morals; the conscience

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14
Q

What is objective anxiety?

A

When one’s life is in jeopardy, feeling realistic anxiety to danger in the external world

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15
Q

Define neurotic anxiety.

A

Fear not connected to reality or any real threat

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16
Q

What is moral anxiety?

A

Arises when the impulses of the superego punish an individual for not meeting expectations

17
Q

What are defense mechanisms?

A

Strategies to reduce anxiety, located in the ego

18
Q

What is displacement in terms of defense mechanisms?

A

Redirecting emotional response to a substitute

19
Q

What does reaction formation involve?

A

Converting one feeling into its opposite

20
Q

What is regression in psychological terms?

A

Retreating to behaviors of an earlier age

21
Q

Define rationalization.

A

Inventing reasons for actions or attitudes

22
Q

What is sublimation?

A

Converting sexual or aggressive impulses to socially valued behaviors

23
Q

What does repression mean?

A

Pushing unacceptable impulses and thoughts into the unconscious

24
Q

What is denial as a defense mechanism?

A

Disavowing a traumatic experience and pushing it to the unconscious

25
Q

What is projection?

A

Attributing one’s own desires to an external agent; does not accept own desires

26
Q

List Freud’s psychosexual stages.

A

• Oral: birth-18 months
• Anal: 18 months - 3 years
• Phallic: 3-5 years (Oedipus complex)
• Latency: 6 through adolescence
• Genital: adolescence through adulthood

27
Q

What are the criticisms of the psychoanalytic paradigm?

A

• Based on anecdotes during therapy sessions, lacking objectivity
• Freud’s observations could be unreliable

28
Q

What are the contributions of the psychoanalytic paradigm?

A

• Childhood experiences shape personality
• Unconscious influences on behavior
• Defense mechanisms to control anxiety

29
Q

What are the two main perspectives of the cognitive-behavioral paradigm?

A

• The behavioral (learning) perspective
• The cognitive perspective

30
Q

Define the behavioral perspective.

A

Abnormal behavior results from responses learned in the same ways other behavior is learned

31
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

Automatic pairing between reflex-triggering and neutral stimuli (Pavlov)

32
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

Behavior changes based on outcomes, developed by B.F. Skinner

33
Q

In operant conditioning, what does reinforcement do?

A

Increases behavior

34
Q

In operant conditioning, what does punishment do?

A

Decreases behavior

Abnormal Psychology (9 decks)

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