Lecture 10 Flashcards
Who developed systematic desensitization?
John Wolpe
What is paired with the conditioned stimulus (CS) in systematic desensitization?
Relaxation
What is an anxiety hierarchy?
A list of anxiety-provoking stimuli arranged from least to most anxiety-inducing
What is the first step in the systematic desensitization example for fear of spiders?
Picture of cartoon spider
In flooding therapy, what is unique about the approach?
No hierarchy; most upsetting situation is faced immediately
Who developed prolonged exposure therapy and for what condition is it primarily used?
Edna Foa; used for PTSD
What is aversion therapy?
A technique that pairs something pleasurable with a negative stimulus to reduce pleasure
In the context of behavior therapy, what is a token economy?
A system where tokens are earned for positive behavior and can be exchanged for rewards
What are some examples of tokens in a token economy?
- Poker chips
- Coins
- Tickets
- Stars
- Points
What is an advantage of using tokens in behavior therapy?
Immediate gratification
What should a behavior chart for a child include?
- Safe body
- Kind voice
- Bonus?
- Prize?
What are some examples of relaxation training techniques?
- Progressive muscle relaxation
- Guided meditation
- Mindfulness
What is the basis of social learning/modeling in therapy?
Observational learning as a therapeutic technique
What are the steps in experimental design for treatment outcome studies?
- Hypothesis formulation
- Random assignment of participants
- Manipulation of independent variable (IV) and measurement of dependent variable (DV)
What is the goal of random assignment in studies?
To eliminate third variable causes
What is a randomized control trial?
A study design that provides greater control by varying groups only by the variable of interest
What is internal validity?
The extent to which effects can be confidently attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable
What is external validity?
The ability to generalize results beyond the immediate study
What determines efficacy in treatment studies?
Clinical trials with carefully controlled variables
What is the focus of effectiveness studies?
Studying treatment outcomes in natural clinical settings
