lecture 3 Flashcards
what is postural sway?
the COM still moves during quiet standing
how is postural sway measured?
trace the center of mass using a stabilogram
how does the supporting surface affect postural sway?
softer surface increases medial lateral sway
1. decreased proprioception
2. dampened force generation due to compliance
what affects sway?
- supporting surface
- visual feedback
in healthy individuals, does sway exceed BOS?
no
define stability limits
Maximum distance a person can lean without changing BOS
how does illness affect stability limits?
smaller or distorted
what are the two types of stability limits?
perceived: individual refuses to go further
real: physical limitation
describe the romberg test
keep feet together and stand as still as possible
observe sway in romberg position
describe sharpened romberg test
tandem stance
stand as still as possible
describe the one leg stance test
stand on one leg
what is the functional reach test
Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, one arm raised.
Reach forward as far as possible without altering BOS.
how can the functional reach test be interpreted
Reach ≥ 10 inches: Lowest risk for falls.
Reach between 6-10 inches: 2x more likely to fall.
Reach ≤ 6 inches: 4x more likely to fall.
describe the retropulsion test
stand upright, feet side by side
clinician pulls patient backwards suddenly
how do healthy people react to the retropulsion test
they either take no steps or only 1 step. Their reactions are fast and strong enough
describe the BERG balance scale
describe the BESTest
describe the BESS test
describe the CSTIB
