Lecture 16: attention Flashcards
attentional effects on postural control
attention is capacity for brain to process information from environment or long term memory
demands found to increase with an increase in balance requirements of task
Dual-task studies
determine amount of attention required to perform a balance task
capacity theory
task performance suffers because both tasks have to compete for and somehow share a limited pool of attention resources
Bottleneck theories
task performance suffers because both tasks must be processed by a single information processing channel
neural structural theories
task performance suffers because both tasks are competing for specific neural pathways within brain
Secondary-task probe technique
determine whether attention is req. at specific times during performance of balance task
perform primary task separately
perform secondary task separately(discrete)
- performed at random or pre determined times
perform primary and secondary task together
balance correcting responses dont require _______
higher-level cognitive attention
automatic after 100ms
anticipation of postural response ____
require high levels of attention
Continuous secondary task technique
determine if attention required THROUGHOUT performance of balance task
similar set up to secondary task probe technique, instead task is continuous
if primary task demands full attention capacity, during continuous secondary task technique
performance on secondary task will be pooreri
during continuous secondary task technique, if attention capacity can be shared by both tasks_____
performance on the two tasks at the same time should be same as performance on tasks SEPARATELY
amplitude ___ and frequency ___ when performing a secondary task in a continuous style
young healthy adults
decreases, increases
area of sway ____ when dual task conditions introduced
for young healthy adults
decreased
Dual task study limitations
attention has modest effect in young adult
posture first strategy
cognitive interference increases as task challenge increases
during non challenging conditions young adults often have ___
reduce sway amplitude
increased frequency
thought to be due to secondary task promoting automaticity, and increasing arousal
