Lecture 3

Question 1

How does the mantle melt?

Answer 1

Partial melting due to temperature and pressure changes.

Question 2

What is the most abundant element in the mantle?

Answer 2

Oxygen

Question 3

What is Bowens Reaction Series?

Answer 3

The order that minerals crystallize.

Question 4

What does plutonic cooling mean?

Answer 4

Intrusive, rocks cool slowly (large crystals).

Question 5

What does volcanic cooling mean?

Answer 5

Extrusive, Rocks cool quickly (small crystals)

Question 6

What are the two divisions of igneous rocks based on mineral composition?

Answer 6

Felsic (feldspar and silica) and Mafic (magnesium and iron).

Question 7

What are the 4 components of magma differentiation?

Answer 7

Crystallization, assimilation, migration, mixing

Question 8

Two igneous rock groups based on mineral composition?

Answer 8

Mafic and Felsic

Question 9

What are felsic rocks mainly of?

Answer 9

fe (feldspar) + sil (silica)

Question 10

What are mafic rocks mainly composed of?

Answer 10

ma (magnesium) + fic (latin for iron)