Lecture 3

Question 1

Are proteins branching or non-branching

Answer 1

Non-branching

Question 2

Are proteins polymeric or non-polymeric?

Answer 2

polymeric

Question 3

How large is 1Å?

Answer 3

10^-10m

Question 4

How many Å is one protein macromolecule?

Answer 4

50 - 100 Å

Question 5

What are the protein building blocks?

Answer 5

amino acids

Question 6

What chemical bonds bind the amino acids together?

Answer 6

peptide bonds

Question 7

How many amino acids are there?

Answer 7

20

Question 8

What are the three techniques used to determine protein structure?

Answer 8

1. protein crystallography
2. cryo-electron microscopy
3. NMR spectroscopy

Question 9

What are the different ways of depicting chemical structure?

Answer 9

Skeletal, ball and stick, space-filling

Question 10

What type of protein is insulin?

Answer 10

Cell signalling - Hormone

Question 11

What is Trypsin?

Answer 11

An enzyme and type of protease that breaks down proteins spesifically during digestion

Question 12

What are proteases?

Answer 12

Enzymes that breakdown proteins

Question 13

What is amylase?

Answer 13

An enzyme that breaks down starch into sugars

Question 14

What is alcohol dehydrogenase?

Answer 14

An enzyme that helps metabolise ethanol.

Question 15

What do enzymes do?

Answer 15

Catalyse biochemical reactions

Question 16

What is Hexokinase?

Answer 16

An enzyme that adds a phosphate to glucose after glucose is taken up by the cell

Question 17

What are kinases?

Answer 17

Enzymes that usually add phosphate to molecules

Question 18

What is the function of hemoglobin?

Answer 18

It binds oxygen in the lungs and carries it in the blood to tissue for use in metabolism

Question 19

What is HIV protease?

Answer 19

A protein made by the HIV virus that is involved in its replication

Question 20

What is ATP synthase?

Answer 20

A membrane-bound protein that generates ATP from ADP for cellular functions

Question 21

What is an antibody?

Answer 21

A type of protein that binds to antigens to help the body eliminate infection

Question 22

What is the SARS-CoV2 spike protein?

Answer 22

The protein on the virus that binds to the ACE2 receptor on target cells, causing infection

Question 23

What is DNA polymerase?

Answer 23

A protein that binds to one stand of DNA and adds the complementary strand to it

Question 24

What is RNA polymerase?

Answer 24

A protein that creates a single strand of RNA that is complementary to one of the strands of duplex DNA

Question 25

What does the cells cytosol consist of?

Answer 25

Proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. E.g. Ribosomes, enzymes and RNA