Lecture 3 Flashcards
What is Glioblastoma multiforme? What is the standard treatment?
Cancer of the brain, more common in men with a poor survival
Surgery: radiation and oral chemotherapy
What is melanoma? Treatment?
Skin cancer of the melanocytes
Rare form of skin cancer which is more common in white people and older individuals
Treatment depends on the stage, Surgery, immunotherapy, drugs, chemotherapy
Nano string work flow
stain, select ROI, UV-Cleave, Collect and dispense, count
5 types of cancer immunotherapy treatments
Monoclonal antibodies: reintroducing antibodies that can recognize cells that it previously couldn’t
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors: Releases immune system’s molecular brakes called checkpoints
Cancer vaccine: Preventative and treatment,
Adoptive cell transfer: gene editing
Cytokines: man made versions of proteins that boost the immune system
Types of ROIs
Geometric: different regions
Segmentation: different compartments
Cell-type specific: differences in cell populations
Contour: how does it change on either side of a boundary
Gridded: Deep mapping of a tissue region
Bulk sequencing function
involves extracting and sequencing DNA or RNA from a mixed population of cells. It provides an average readout of the genetic material present in the sample.
You get all the genetic material present in the sample.
Smoothie
Less expensive, less specific
Single cell sequencing function
Single-cell sequencing analyzes the genetic material (DNA or RNA) from individual cells. This allows researchers to explore cellular differences and understand the function and relationships of individual cells within a complex tissue or population
More expensive, highly specific
Spatial sequencing function
Spatial sequencing combines genetic sequencing with the preservation of the spatial context of where each cell is located within a tissue. This allows researchers to see not only what cells are present but also how they are organized and interact within the tissue architecture.
complex and costly
