lecture 3

Question 1

non associative learning:

Answer 1

learning that does not require specific association with actions or consequences

Question 2

habituation:

Answer 2

a decrease in responding to inconsequential stimuli presented repeatedly. simplest form of learning

Question 3

sensitization:

Answer 3

an increase in awareness and responsiveness to arousing or emotional stimuli

Question 4

habituation example:

Answer 4

wearing face masks when covid first started. it was uncomfortable to wear, but we got used to it as the negative outcomes were inconsequential

Question 5

sensitization example:

Answer 5

your brother once hid under the stairs of your basement and popped out to the jump scare, and now when you go down there, you react as if someone may pop out at you

Question 6

a simple reflex circuit has how many parts?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

what is the first part of a simple reflex?

Answer 7

a sensory receptor detects a stimulus from the outside environment, then fires action potentials to let the next neuron know

Question 8

what is the second part of a simple reflex?

Answer 8

an interneuron then relays the sensory signal to motor neurons

Question 9

what is the third part of a simple reflex?

Answer 9

motor neurons then drive muscle contractions

Question 10

sensory adaption:

Answer 10

gradual decline in sensitivity to things like rotten smells, jewelry, and noises like AC

Question 11

sensory adaption occurs when a:

Answer 11

sensory neuron stops relaying the message

Question 12

fatigue occurs when:

Answer 12

the motor neuron stops reacting to the message

Question 13

habituation occurs when:

Answer 13

the interneuron stops sending the message

Question 14

sensory adaption occurs ___ _____ response

Answer 14

no other

Question 15

habituation occurs when you respond in:

Answer 15

other ways, like heart beat increasing

Question 16

habituation is both:

Answer 16

stimulus specific and response specific

Question 17

dishabituation:

Answer 17

recovery of a previously habituated response that occurs when a new stimulus that generates the same response is presented

Question 18

preferential viewing task:

Answer 18

tells us whether a baby can recognize a stimulus

Question 19

infants spend ___ time viewing a ____ _____ than a pre-exposed stimulus

Answer 19

more; novel stimulus

Question 20

preferential viewing task results:

Answer 20

most will spend double the time looking at the new image, this demonstrates it remembers the first image

Question 21

comparative psychology:

Answer 21

study of the behavior and mental processes of non human animals

Question 22

beyond image recognition:

Answer 22

scent recognition, presented hamster multiple times containing the scent of another hamster. the hamster should spend less time smelling the slide each time (habituation)

Question 23

invertebrate have:

Answer 23

a primitive nervous system and have simple reflex circuits that are easier to investigate as neurons are larger

Question 24

dis habituation is when an animal will spend:

Answer 24

longer sniffing the slide each time

Question 25

habituation has been retained in which type of memory?

Answer 25

long term memory

Question 26

how to tell if it is habituation or sensory adaption:

Answer 26

the sensory neurons still have action potentials whereas the interneurons have less action potentials and the motor neurons have none

Question 27

sensitization:

Answer 27

increases the magnitude of behavioral responses to stimuli, an increase in awareness of and responsiveness to arousing or emotional stimuli

Question 28

in habituation, do sensory neurons still have action potentials?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

long term depression is a decrease in:

Answer 29

synaptic efficiency