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Anatomy (cole) > Lecture 29 Shoulder > Flashcards

Lecture 29 Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What does the brachial plexus consist of?

A
  • ventral rami of C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
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2
Q

what provides the motor innervation to the trapezius?

A
  • CN11
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3
Q

What provides the sensory innervation to the trapezius?

A
  • C3 and 4
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4
Q

What innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • thoracodorsal nerve
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5
Q

What makes up layer one of posterio axio appendicular muscles?

A
  • trapezius and latissimus dorsi
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6
Q

What makes up layer 2 of posterio axio appendicular muscles?

A
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid minor
  • rhomboid major
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7
Q

What makes up layer 3 of posterior axio-appendicular muscles

A
  • serratus posterior superior and inferior
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8
Q

what nerve innerates the rhomboid major and minor?

A
  • dorsal scapular nerve
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9
Q

What nerves innervate levator scapulae?

A
  • 3rd and 4th cervical spinal nerves and dorsal scapular nerve
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10
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the trapezius?

A
  • external occipital protuberance of skull, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
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11
Q

What is the distal attachment of the trapezius?

A
  • lateral third of clavicle (anterior), acromion, and spine of scapula
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12
Q

What is the function of the trapezius?

A
  • elevates, depresses, and retracts scapula, rotates glenoid fossa superiorly
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13
Q

What is the motor innervation of the trapezius?

A
  • CN 11
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14
Q

What is the sensory innervation of trapezius?

A
  • C3 and C4
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15
Q

Where is the anterior attachment of trapezius?

A
  • lateral 1/3 of clavicle
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16
Q

What is the posterior attachment of trapezius?

A
  • spine and acromion of scapula
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17
Q

what movements can the trapezius facilitate on the scapula?

A
  • elevation/depression
  • retraction
  • upward rotation
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18
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 ribs
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19
Q

What is the distal attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • floor of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove) of humerus
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20
Q

_____ muscle extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus; raises torso towards arms during climbing

A
  • latissimus dorsi
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21
Q

What innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • thoracodorsal nerve (from brahcial plexus)
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22
Q

What are the actions of the latissimus dorsi on the arm?

A
  • extends humerus
  • adducts humerus
  • medially rotates humerus
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23
Q

How does the latissimus dorsi act during a pull up?

A
  • raises torso towards arms when climbinh or doing a pull up (raises or pulls torso up when hands/arm is fixed)
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24
Q

What does the latissimus dorsi do when the torso is fixed?

A
  • pulls humerus down
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25
Q

Where is the origin of rhomboid major and minor?

A
  • spinous process of C7-T5
26
Q

Where is the proximal attachment/origin of rhomboid major?

A
  • T2-T5
27
Q

Where is the proximal attachment/origin of rhomboid minor?

A
  • C7-T1

- nuchal ligament

28
Q

Where is the distal attachment of r. major?

A
  • medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
29
Q

Where is the distal attachment for r. minor?

A
  • medial end of scapular spine
30
Q

what are the actions of r. minor and major?

A
  • BOTH retract, elevate, and rotate scapula downward as well as fix it to thoracic wall
31
Q

What innervates the r. major and minor muscle?

A
  • Dorsal scapular nerve
32
Q

What are the main muscles in shoulder shrug?

A
  • trapezius

- levator scapulae

33
Q

Where is the proximal attachment of the levator scapulae?

A
  • posterior tubercules of transverse processes of C1-4
34
Q

Where is the distal attachment of the levator scapulae?

A
  • medial border of scapular, superior part of scapular spine
35
Q

______ muscle elevates scapula and tilts glenoid fossa inferiorly by rotating scapula

A
  • levator scapulae
36
Q

What innervates the levator scapulae?

A
  • dorsal scapular nerve and cervical spinal nerves (C3-C4)
37
Q

Can the levator scapulae retract the scapula?

A
  • NOPE
38
Q

What actions do the rhomboid major and minor have on the scapula?

A
  • elevate
  • retract
  • downward rotation
39
Q

What actions does the levator scapulae have on the scapula?

A
  • elevates

- downward rotation

40
Q

What innervates the pec major, minor, subclavius, and serratus anterior?

A
  • brachial plexus
41
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis major?

A
  • clavicular and sternocostal attachments
    • ant. surface of medial 1/2 of clavicle
  • an. surface of sternum and superior 6 costal cartilages
42
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pec. major?

A
  • lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus
43
Q

what are the actions of the pec major?

A
  • adducts and medially rotates humerus
  • draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly (via clavicle)
  • clavicular portion flexes humerus
  • sternal portion can extend humerus while it is in this flexed position
44
Q

What portion of the pec major extends humerus?

A
  • sternal portion
45
Q

What portion of pec major flexes humerus?

A
  • clavicular portion
46
Q

What muscle is innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves?

A
  • pectoralis major
47
Q

Where does the pectoralis minor attach proximally?

A
  • 3rd - 5th ribs near costal cartilages
48
Q

Where is the distal attachment of the pec minor?

A
  • coracoid process of scapula
49
Q

What are the actions of the pec minor?

A
  • stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly and inferiorly against posterior thoracic wall
50
Q

What innervates the pec minor?

A
  • medial pectoral nerve (usually pierced by this nerve)
51
Q

Where is the proximal attachment of the serratus anterior?

A
  • external surfaces of lateral parts of ribes 1-9
52
Q

Where is the distal attachment of serratus anterior?

A
  • anterior surface of medial border of scapula
53
Q

What are the actions of serratus anterior?

A
  • protracts scapula
  • rotates scapula
  • holds scapula against thorax
54
Q

What innervates the serratus anterior?

A
  • long thoracic nerve
55
Q

What are the actions of the serratus anterior on scapula?

A
  • protraction and upward rotation of scapula
  • allows full abduction of humerus; arms raised above head
  • holds scapula against thorax
56
Q

What causes a medial wining of scapula?

A
  • damage to long thoracic nerve
  • serratus anterior affected
  • protrudes
57
Q

Where is the proximal attachment of subclavius?

A
  • junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
58
Q

Where is the distal attachment of subclavius?

A
  • inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
59
Q

What does the subclavius do?

A
  • anchors and depresses clavicle

- does not move it stabilizes clavicle

60
Q

what is the innervation of subclavius?

A
  • nerve to subclavius

- off of superior trunk

Anatomy (cole) (15 decks)

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