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Anatomy (cole) > Lecture 17 Gut > Flashcards

Lecture 17 Gut Flashcards

1
Q

What gives rise to the CNS?

A
  • Neural tube
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2
Q

What gives rise to the nucleous palposa?

A
  • noto cord
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3
Q

septum transversum

A
  • becomes the heart
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4
Q

Allantois

A
  • duct that is important in embryonic respiration in embryos that develop in shells (birds)
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5
Q

Foregut gives rise to

A
  • esophagus
  • stomach
  • gives rise to half of Duodenum (first part of small intestine )
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6
Q

Foregut/midgut transition

A
  • duodenum is identical on both sides but blood supply is different
  • arteries supplying duodenum changes at this point
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7
Q

Foregut derived organs

A
  • pancreas
  • gall bladder
  • Liver
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8
Q

Spleen

A
  • is not derived from foregut
  • comes from mesoderm
  • Lymphoid organ not digestive
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9
Q

Midgut gives rise to

A
  • 2nd half of duodenum
  • jejunum
  • illeum
  • cecum (L)
  • appendix (L)
  • asc. colon (L)
  • 1st 2/3of transvere colon (L)
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10
Q

Midgut/hindgut transition

A
  • not a boundary in major parts of GI tract

- transition measured by nerve and blood supply

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11
Q

Hindgut

A
  • shortest and simplest part of gut tube
  • last 1/3 of transverse colon
  • descending colon
  • sigmoid colon
  • rectum
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12
Q

Accessory organs

A
  • only connected to foregut
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13
Q

What are foregut derivaties supplied by?

A
  • branches of the celiac artery
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14
Q

What are midgut derivatives are supplied by branches of the?

A
  • superior mesenteric artery

- largest

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15
Q

Hindgut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ?

A
  • inferior mesenteric artery

- smallest and simplest

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16
Q

Gut derivatives sensory innervation

A
  • no somatic (internal organs)
  • visceral motor
  • visceral sensory
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17
Q

Sympathetic innervation

A
  • reached by long splanchnic nerves

- T1-L2

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18
Q

Where are the sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies of the foregut

A
  • T5-T9
  • greater splanchnic nerve
  • ## celiac (same as artery) (size of quarter)
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19
Q

What is the sympathetic splanchnic nerve that innervates the foregut?

A
  • greater splanchnic nerve
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20
Q

What is the sympathetic prevertebral ganglion that innervates the foregut?

A
  • celiac

- large (same size as quarter)

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21
Q

Sympathetic Postganglionic axons of the foregut follow

A
  • celiac artery

- massive bundle

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22
Q

The sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies of the midgut are?

A
  • T9-T12
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23
Q

What are the sympathetic splanchnic nerves that innervate the midgut?

A
  • Lesser/least splanchnic nerves
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24
Q

What are the sympathetic prevertebral ganglion of the midgut?

A
  • superior mesenteric/intermesenteric

- large ganglia close to celiac

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25
Q

Sympathetic Post ganglionic axons of the midgut follow?

A
  • superior mesenteric artery
26
Q

Hindgut sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies

A

T12- L2

27
Q

sympathetic Splanchnic nerves of the hindgut?

A
  • least splanchnic / lumbar splanchnic nerve
28
Q

What is the sympathetic prevertebral ganglion of the hingut?

A
  • inferior mesenteric/ intermesenteric
29
Q

Sympathetic Post ganglionic axons of the hindgut follow?

A
  • inferior mesenteric artery
30
Q

Lumbar splanchnic nerves

A
  • travel down the sympathetic trunk that leave through prevetebral ganglion
31
Q

Do the foregut and midgut have the same parasympathetic nerve supply?

A

Yes

32
Q

Foregut and midgut parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies?

A
  • brainstem
33
Q

What is the nerve that innervates parasympathetic foregut/midgut?

A
  • vagus nerve (CN X)
34
Q

Where are the parasympathetic ganglia located in the foregut and midgut?

A

-organ walls

35
Q

Where are the parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies for the hindgut?

A
  • S2-S4
36
Q

What are the parasympathetic

nerves that innervate the hindgut?

A
  • pelvic splanchnic nerves
37
Q

Location of parpasympathetic ganglia in hindgut?

A
  • organ walls
38
Q

Every vagus nerve we can see without destroying the organs is preganglionic? T/F

A

T

39
Q

Partietal paritenum

A
  • provides a frictionless environment for organs to move around in
  • deepest part of the body wall
  • pain that comes from this is somatic pain
  • intercostal nerves supply the entire abdominal wall (even this deep)
40
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A
  • coats the organs
41
Q

Mesentery

A
  • double layer peritoneum that act as bridges
42
Q

Mesentery

A
  • double layer peritoneum that act as bridges
  • anchor internal organs to posterior abdominal wall
  • provide passage way for vessels
43
Q

peritoneal cavity

A
  • contains thin watery slippery fluid

- between parietal and visceral peritoneum

44
Q

Falciform ligament

A
  • connects liver and diaphragm
45
Q

Greater omentum

A
  • connects
46
Q

Which direction does the gut tube move during embryonic development?

A
  • ventral

- stretches parietal peritoneum ventrally (doesnt puncture it)

47
Q

Dorsal mesentery

A
  • only in embryo
  • double layer sheet/curtain that stretches from diaphragm to pelvis
  • bridge to posterior abdominal wall
  • passageway for arteries, lymphatics, veins, and nerves
48
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A
  • behind peritoneal cavity

- gut tube is no longer retro. once is travels to abdominal cavity ( it is now messenteric)

49
Q

Where is the gut tube in embryo?

A
  • post. abdominal wall
50
Q

Some parts of gut travel back to abdominal wall and become retroperitoneal

A
  • secondarily retroperitoneal organs
51
Q

No peritoneum on organs touching wall (secondary retroperitoneal organs)

A

-part of liver to diaphragm
- direct contact and no intervening peritoneum
(colon gets embedded)

52
Q

All of the digestive system is derived from gut tube

A

True

53
Q

Mesenteric organs/visceral periteneum tend to go together

A

true

54
Q

Initially all of the gut is mesenteric and all organs are covered with visceral peritoneum

A

true

55
Q

Is a mesentery visceral or parietal?

A
  • neither it is a bridge between the two
56
Q

General rule of thumb with mesenteric organs

A
  • organs with mesenteries also have visceral peritoneum
57
Q

Do organs that are retroperitoneal have mesenteries?

A
  • no
58
Q

Vessels and nerves that supply mesenteric organs are also mesenteric

A
  • true
59
Q

Vessels and nerves that supply retroperitoneal organs are also retroperitoneal

A

true

60
Q

Parts of the digestive system that are retroperitoneal are primarily so? T/F

A
  • no they are secondarily retroperitoneal
61
Q

Primary retroperitoneal organs

A
  • belong to some organ system other than digestive and never have mesenteries at any point

Anatomy (cole) (15 decks)

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