Lecture 15 Anterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

What is the most superficial layer of fascia in the anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 1

• camper’s fascia (fatty SF)

Question 2

What is the deep layer of the superficial fascia?

Answer 2

• scarpa’s fascia (membranous SF)

- (compact and tightly arranged thin membrane)

Question 3

Where is subcutaneous fat stored?

Answer 3

camper’s fascia

Question 4

What does parietal peritoneum do?

Answer 4

• deepest layer of body wall

- secretes lubricant so abdominal viscera have frictional environment

Question 5

What are abdominal wall layers

innervated by?

Answer 5

• somatic sensory innervation

Question 6

What is the deepest of the muscle layers of the anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 6

• transversus abdominis muscle

Question 7

Where does the rectus abdominis originate?

Answer 7

• pubis

Question 8

Where does the rectus abdominis insert?

Answer 8

• costal cartilages and xiphoid processes

Question 9

Where does the rectus sheath not have a posterior wall?

Answer 9

• lower 1/3

- at arcuate line

Question 10

Which layer of abdominnal wall muscle is indecisive with its rectus sheath.

Answer 10

• internal abdominal oblique

Question 11

Which abdominal wall muscle is fan shaped?

Answer 11

• internal abdominal oblique

Question 12

Which abdominal muscle has fibers that run the same way as intercostal muscles?

Answer 12

• external abdominal oblique

Question 13

Does the tranversus abdominis originate from the inguinal ligament?

Answer 13

• no it wraps around to the transversalis fascia

Question 14

What contributes to the motor innervation of the abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 14

• T7-11
• T12
• L1

Question 15

What innervates the skin that covers the anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 15

• the ventral rami of the lower 5 intercostal nerves
• T7-11
• subcostal nerve T12
• L1 nerves

Question 16

Lateral blood supply of anterior abdominal wall

Answer 16

• intercostal arteries

- these arteries run between internal oblique muscles and transversus abdominus muscle

Question 17

Where does the rectus abdominus gets it primary blood supply?

Answer 17

• superior epigastric artery (in upper) (runs on deep surface of rectus abdominus)
• ## inferior gastric artery (majority of blood supply)

Question 18

Where does the inferior epigastric artery enter?

Answer 18

• underneath the rectus sheath running along the transverse fascia

Question 19

Where does the lymph from above the umbilicus drain?

Answer 19

• to axillary nodes

Question 20

Where does the lymph from below the umbilicus drain?

Answer 20

• to superficial inguinal nodes

Question 21

What happens when abdominal wall muscle act bilaterally?

Answer 21

• flexion

Question 22

What happens when abdominal wall muscle act unilaterally?

Answer 22

• lateral flexion

Question 23

What happens when abdominal wall muscle act unilaterally?

Answer 23

• rotation or twisting

Question 24

Less obvious functions of abdominal wall muscles

Answer 24

• stabilization of the trunk during strenuous physical effort (valsalvas maneuver)
• forceful expiration
• coughing and sneezing
• urination and defecation
• labor and delivery