Lecture 28 Flashcards
Streptococcosis
Name the (4) types of streptococci
group A
group B
pneumoncoccal
other opportunistic
What major bacteria can be found in group A strep?
strep. pyogenes
Name the (6) diseases caused by Group A [strep. pyogenes] bacteria
streptococcal pharyngitis scarlet fever (scarlatina) puerperal sepsis late non-suppurative sequelae pyogerma impetigo necrotizing fascitis
Describe streptococcal pharyngitis
[disease, transmission, incubation, symptoms]
strep throat spread by droplets incubation is 1-3 days symptoms are: fever swollen (edema) throat and tonsils pus (purulent) cervical lymph nodes rhinitis & sinitis (runny, drippy nose)
Describe Scarlet fever
[cause, symptoms, prevention]
aka scarlatina
begins as streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)
strains with erythrogenic toxin make the infection scarlet fever
symptoms are fever, rash, desquamation (peeling skin)
prevention involves milk pasteurization
What are (4) some complications of scarlet fever?
Mastoiditis- infection behind ear from improper nose blowing
nephritis- kidney infection
otitis media- middle ear infection (can lead to deafness)
streptococcal toxic shock syndrome- multiple organ failure
What does non suppurative mean?
no pus is formed
What does sequelae mean?
consequence
Name the (2) types of late non-suppurative sequelae
rheumatic fever
glomerulo-nephritis (reading assignment)
What leads to late non-suppurative sequelae?
matter if strep throat or scarlet fever, organism dies and leaves protein behind, the body produces antibodies against the proteins causing a hypersensitivity reaction
Describe rheumatic fever
occurs in 3% of individuals
symptoms are fever, polyarthritis, heart damage
heart damage because antibodies damage the valves in the heart (mitral valves) leads to aschoff bodies (nodules)
use prophylactics to prevent heart damage:
benzathine pennicilin G
What does pyoderma impetigo cause?
crusty sores around mouth
What does necrotizing fascitits cause?
flesh eating disease
causes rotting flesh
What is the treatment for a strep pyogenes infection?
penicillin G
What is the main bacteria in streptococci group b?
strep agalactiae
Describe strep agalactiae
[what it causes, morbidity, predisposing factors, treatment, prevention]
causes life threatening diseases in newborns morbidity is 4% of all births predisposing factor is being a preemie treatment is penicillin G prevention is having a c-section
Describe the early onset form of strep agalactiae
[symptoms, mortality, period of incubation]
baby is sick within a few days of birth
symptoms are pneumonia and septicemia
50-80% mortality without treatment
Describe the late onset form of strep agalactiae
[period of incubation, symptoms, causes]
baby is sick within a few weeks after birth
symptoms are meningitis
causes mental retardation, blindness, deafness, cerebral palsy
What does strep pneumo cause? (3)
pneumonia
menigitis
otitis media
Name the predisposing factors for pneumonia and prevention
living in a nursing home or hospital
prevent it with PPV23 penumococcal vaccine
Name and place in order the top 3 causes of meningitis
- streptococcus penumonia
- Neisseria meningitidis (the one we vaccinate against)
- hemophilis influenzae
How do you treat a strep pneumo infection?
penicillin G or V (if susceptable or intermediate)
if it is resistant use vancomycin and ceftriaxone or ceftaxime
Describe strep minitor
found in oral cavity (can get at the dentist) causes endocarditis (damage to heart/valves)
Describe strep mutans
lesser cause of endocarditis
causes dental cavities (turns sugar into acid)
