Lecture 24 Flashcards
Defense mechanisms against disease II
Name and describe the (2) types of macrophages
wandering- stay and circulate in blood until a disease is encountered
fixed- histocytes, go into the tissues
What are easinophils?
- 1-3% of white blood cell count
- produce toxins against large parasites
Lymphopenia
- decrease in lymphocytes
- a characteristic of AIDS
What are the (5) cardinal signs of inflammation?
- redness
- swelling (edema)
- heat
- pain
- loss of normal function
What are the (3) fluids involved with swelling?
- serous- to dilute the toxin
- purulent- causing pus (full of white blood cells)
- fibinogen- makes the clot
enzyme which breaks down NAG and NAM bonds in murein
lysozyme
What are basophils?
- have histamines and heparin in granules
- involved in inflammation
- found in mucous connective tissues
Name the (5) anti-microbial substances that act as defense mechanisms against disease
- complement
- interferons
- lactoferrin & transferrin
- lysozyme
leukocytosis
increase in white blood cells
What does interferon type I alpha do?
activates the lymphocytes
What are leukocytes? Name the 2 kinds
White blood cells
granulocytes and agranulocytes
In which of the cardinal signs of inflammation do histamines play a role?
All of them! :)
- redness (increased blood flow from dialated blood vessels)
- swelling/edema (fluids go from the dilated blood vessels into the tissues)
- heat (increased blood flow)
- pain (from swelling)
- loss of normal function (from pain)
What does interferon type I beta do?
matures the B and T lymphocytes
iron binding proteins that hold iron in solution
lacroferrin and transoferrin
What does interferon type II gamma do?
activates macrophages so they can be phagocytic
