Lecture 25 Diet and Lifestyle approaches for Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes – exploring evidence of how this impacts on health outcomes Flashcards
1
Q
Who has a higher risk of CVD in diabetes men or women
A
Women
2
Q
What lifestyle changes promote the rise in diabetes
A
- Physical activity decrease
- Increase in sedentary leisure activities
- Family history of type 2 diabetes
- Age >20 or older than 25 for some BME
- Certain ethnicities
3
Q
How much exercise should an individual have to prevent diabetes
A
- At least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise and strength exercises on two or more days a week working major muscles
- 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity- running or tennis
- A mix of moderate and vigorous aerobic activity every week
4
Q
Exercise lowers risk of type 2 diabetes by how much
A
30-40%
5
Q
Why is exercise important in reducing risk of diabetes
A
- Reductions in peripheral insulin sensitivity leads to abnormalities in glucose and TAG metabolism and is the first detectable defect in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes
- Acutely, exercise is a potent stimulus of muscle glucose and TAG uptake due to the increased energy demands of the activity
6
Q
Dietary approaches fore treating diabetes
A
• The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been held up over the last decade as an example of a good diet that reduces the risk of CVD. – High consumption of vegetables – High intake of fruit and nuts – High consumption of legumes – High intake of cereals – High consumption of fish and seafood – Low intake of meat and meat products – Low intake of dairy products – High ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fats – Moderate alcohol intake
